Select the definition of a microsatellite. short pieces of DNA surrounding the periphery of the nucleus short pieces of DNA that flank most genes segments of DNA cut by restriction enzymes small DNA sequences that are repeated consecutively a few times to many times O pieces of DNA that can move through the genome by transposition How are microsatellites used in genetic studies? to identify individuals within a population used as markers in the sequencing of the human genome to identify genetic variants in genome-wide associations studies to test if a population is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium to transfer genes between organisms

Select the definition of a microsatellite. short pieces of DNA surrounding the periphery of the nucleus short pieces of DNA that flank most genes segments of DNA cut by restriction enzymes small DNA sequences that are repeated consecutively a few times to many times O pieces of DNA that can move through the genome by transposition How are microsatellites used in genetic studies? to identify individuals within a population used as markers in the sequencing of the human genome to identify genetic variants in genome-wide associations studies to test if a population is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium to transfer genes between organisms

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter18: Dna Technologies: Making And Using Genetically Altered Organisms, And Other Applications

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: You learned in the chapter that an STR locus is a locus where alleles differ in the number of copies...

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You learned in the chapter that an STR locus is a locus where alleles differ in the number of copies of a short, tandemly repeated DNA sequence. PCR is used to determine the number of alleles present, as shown by the size of the DNA fragment amplified. In the Figure below are the results of PCR analysis for STR alleles at a locus where the repeat unit length is 9 bp, and alleles are known that have 5 to 11 copies of the repeat. Given the STR alleles present in the adults, state whether each of the four juveniles could or could not be an off-spring of those two adults. Explain your answers.
Short tandem repeats (STR) profiling is based on O A. the fact that many foods are being genetically modified and this test allows food health officials to identify the transgenic ones. O B. the fact that you can clone mammals through fusion of one somatic (non-sex) cell with an egg cell whose nucleus has been removed O C. the fact that one strand of DNA can be turned into millions of identical copies by a process that heats and cools DNA and builds it using DNA polymerase and primers. OD. the fact that people's DNA is filled with short sequences, like "TCAT" that are found in different numbers in each person.
As you learned in this chapter,restriction enzymes are sophisticated“scissors” that geneticistsand molecular biologists routinelyuse to cut DNA for recombinant DNAexperiments. A wide variety of onlinetools assist scientists working with restrictionenzymes and manipulating recombinantDNA for different applications. Herewe explore Webcutter and Primer3, twosites that make recombinant DNA experimentsmuch easier.Exercise I – Creating a RestrictionMap in WebcutterSuppose you had cloned and sequenceda gene and you wanted to design a probeapproximately 600 bp long that could beused to analyze expression of this gene indifferent human tissues by Northern blotanalysis. Internet sites such as Webcuttermake it relatively easy to design experimentsfor manipulating recombinant DNA.In this exercise, you will use Webcutter tocreate a restriction map of human DNAwith the enzymes EcoRI, BamHI, and PstI.1. Access Webcutter at http://www.firstmarket.com/cutter/cut2.html.Go to the Study Area for…
Are you a hidden heterozygote? A PCR analysis (part2) Agarose gel electrophoresis and interpretation la: Several factors (including agarose gel concentration, time and current) affect migration of DNA fragments through the agarose gel. Briefly explain how each of these factors affects DNA migration. Agarose gel concentration: Time: Voltage: 1b: Do DNA fragments move towards the positive or negative end of the gel box? Explain your answer. 1c: What is the purpose of the Tris-Acetate-EDTA (TAE) buffer that the agarose gel is prepared with and submerged in for running? What would happen if you used water to prepare and run the gel instead of TAE buffer? 1d: If the student is homozygous for the brown allele, how many bands will they see in the lanes for the blue and brown allele samples? (circle one) Brown sample: 0 Blue sample: 1 2 more than two. 1 2 more than two. le: If the student is homozygous for the blue allele, how many bands will they see in the lanes for the blue and brown allele…
The temperature at which the primers and target DNA hybridize may be changed to influence the stringency of PCR amplification. What effect will changing the hybridization temperature have on the amplification? Let's say you have a certain yeast gene A and want to check whether it has a human equivalent. How might managing the hybridization's rigor benefit you?
Whole-exome sequencing (WES) is helping physicians diagnosea genetic condition that has defied diagnosis by traditionalmeans. The implication here is that exons in the nucleargenome are sequenced in the hopes that, by comparison withthe genomes of nonaffected individuals, a diagnosis might berevealed. What are the strengths and weaknesses of this approach?
Arabidopsis thaliana has among the smallest genomes in higher plants, with a haploid genome size of about 100 Mb. If this genome is digested with BbvCl, a restriction enzyme which cuts at the sequence CCTCAGC GGAGTCG 1. approximately how many DNA fragments would be produced? Assume the DNA has a random sequence with equal amounts of each base.
magine you are working in a lab that is developing a novelty rose that smells like a stinkhorn mushroom – called the “Grose.” The gene that produces the odorous protein has been isolated from stinkhorn and recombinant DNA containing this gene, a promoter, and a gene that confers resistance to the antibiotic ampicillin has already been produced.Explain two methods you could use to introduce the recombinant DNA into rose cells. (ie. transforming the rose cells)
You know from your calculationsthat only a small proportion of the human genome is represented, even when the entire class results areconsidered. Therefore, the chance of finding a particular single-copy gene in your library is very small.Outline a strategy for constructing a genomic DNA library more representative of the entire humangenome. You will need to consider alternative vectors and the efficiency of transformation of thebacterial cells.
In the very first round of PCR using genomic DNA,the DNA primers prime synthesis that terminates onlywhen the cycle ends (or when a random end of DNA isencountered). Yet, by the end of 20 to 30 cycles—a typicalamplification—the only visible product is defined pre-cisely by the ends of the DNA primers. In what cycle is adouble-stranded fragment of the correct size first gener-ated?
Is it possible that two different restriction enzymes couldcut the human genome into exactly the same number offragments and with exactly the same distribution of fragment sizes, yet the ends produced by the two enzymescould not be joined together by DNA ligase? Explain
What is the dna strand sequence for phosphate sugar backbone? What are sticky ends in restriction enzymes can you examples to help me understand. Does where you cleave affect the length of the sticky ends overhang? 5-3directionalytgg atc gat atc gcc aat.