Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: All of the following are considered innate body defenses except (a) complement, (b) phagocytosis, (c) antibodies, (d) lysozyme, (e) inflammation.

Identify the specific type of immune cell(s) within each of these structures: (a) connective tissue, (b) skin, (c) organs, and (d) secondary lymphatic organs.

Three effects of complement activation: (1) inflammation (2) opsonization (3) cytolysis of pathogens. Describe the three effects in at least one complete sentence for each. You should clearly explain *how* complement activation results in the three different effects.

Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: Cells that can directly attack target cells include all of the following except (a) macrophages, (b) cytotoxic T cells, (c) helper T cells, (d) natural killer cells.

Which of the following is the most likely future outcome for a thymocyte just entering the thymus?     A)  activation by a B-cell   B)  apoptosis   C)  differentiation into a Tc cell   D)  migration to a lymph node    E)  formation of a granuloma

Johnny has just been infected and needs your help in letting him know how his body is fighting the infection. To do so, describe how the innate and adaptive immune systems work together. You should address the following: 1. define adaptive and innate immunity; 2. Describe the role of natural killer cells (how do they work); 3. what are antigen presenting cells and what is their function, what are MHCs?; 4. describe the role of the complement system; 5. what is the role of interferons?; 6. How do helper T cells, cytotoxic T cells and B lymphocytes work make sure you address adaptive immunity memory?; 7. Define HIV, which cells do they attack and why do some individuals develop persistent lymphadenopathy (swollen or enlarged lymph nodes)?

7. Which of these cells can activate both B & T lymphocytes? a) Helper T cells b) Plasma cells c) Cytotoxic T cells d) Neutrophils e) Mast cells 8. Which of the following happens when a B cell is activated? a) Inflammation b) The activated B cell differentiates into plasma cells and memory cells c) The B cell will suppress the immune response d) It acts as a phagocyte to engulf antigens e) The activated B cell will release haptens 9. How are T lymphocytes activated? a) Release of histamine during the inflammatory process triggers their activation b) By interferon and antibodies Contact with exposed collagen activates helper T cells d) Through direct contact with a foreign antigen e) Activation of any component of the nonspecific immune response will activate T cells 10. The variable region of an antibody c) ngang naging a) Binds to a specific epitope on an antigen. b) Can bind to several different antigens on the same bacterial cell. c) Binds to the first complement protein (C1). d) Is…