Scientists examined the interactions between bacteria and two species of protozoa, Uronema sp. and Euplotes sp., found in the bays and inlets of coastal California. An experiment was designed that modeled the ecosystem and measured the amount of bacteria and carbon that were ingested by the protozoal species, as shown in the data table. Bacteria with labeled glucose were incubated with these two species of protozoa. The number of bacteria, carbon ingested, and carbon exuded from the protozoa were then measured.  Which of the following explains how the difference between ingested and exuded carbon relates to the energy in the aquatic ecosystem? Protozoa Bacteria Ingested (x107 l‒1h‒1) Bacterial Carbon Ingested (ngC l‒1h‒1) Exuded Bacterial Carbon (ngC l‒1h‒1) Uronema sp. 172.20 34,460 3,067 Euplotes sp. 50.82 10,170 305 The protozoa hydrolyzed the ingested carbon, resulting in an increase in energy within the ecosystem. The protozoa decomposed the ingested carbon, resulting in an increase in energy within the ecosystem. The protozoa hydrolyzed the ingested carbon, resulting in no net change to the energy within the ecosystem. The protozoa decomposed the ingested carbon, resulting in no net change to the energy within the ecosystem.

The following table depicts characteristics of five prokaryotic species (1-5). Use the information in the table to answer the following question. Species 1 Species 5 None Trait Plasmid Gram Staining Results Nutritional Mode Species 2 None Species 3 R Species 4 IF Positive Positive Negative Negative Negative Chemohetero- Chemoauto- troph Chemohetero- Chemohetero- Photoauto- troph Anaerobic troph troph troph Aerobic Specialized methanotroph Metabolic (obtains carbon Pathways and energy from methane) Anaerobic methanogen Anaerobic alcoholic fermentation Anaerobic lactic nitrogen fixation acid fermentation and aerobic photosystems I and II Other Features All of the species shown have a cell wall that consists partly of an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide EXCEPT Internal membranes Fimbriae Flagellum Pili Thylakoids species 1 only species 2 only species 3, 4, and 5 species 1 and 2 only 0 O 0 0

You wish to know whether Archaea exist in a lake water sample but are unsuccessful in culturing any. Using techniques described in this chapter, how could you determine whether Archaea exist in the sample, and if they do, what proportion of the cells in the lake sample are Archaea?

Draw a graph that shows the potential population growth of a bacterial population that starts with 500 cells.  Assume binary fission, a generation time of 30 minutes and reproduction for four (4) generations.

A team of scientists study a microorganism that lives in a wetland region. The organism is an obligate anaerobe, and it produces energy using the following reaction:  CO2+4H4→CH4+2H2OCO2+4H4→CH4+2H2O In which kingdom does this organism most likely belong?   A. Fungi   B. Protista   C. Archaebacteria   D. Eubacteria

A group of students wanted to learn how the concentration of copper in water affects the survival of tiny aquatic plankton called Daphnia. The students made four different copper solutions: 0% copper, 0.5% copper, 1% copper, and 2% copper. They poured 200mL of each solution into separate beakers and added 10 Daphnia to each beaker. After 5 days, the students counted how many Daphnia were still alive in each beaker. What is the control treatment in this study?

Compare the mechanisms by which most eukaryotic cells acquire nutrients with those used by bacteria and archaea. What are the implications in terms of survival in different habitats and competition between eukaryotic microbes such as protists and bacteria and archaea?

Please asap with explanation

Classify the following attributes as belonging to either purple photosynthetic bacteria or heliobacteria. Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria Heliobacteria Bacteriochlorophyll g Heterotrophic Cannot form endospores Reduced sulfur is electron donor for NAD* reduction Gram-positive Gram-negative Autotrophic Some form endospores Organic carbon electron donor for NAD* reduction Bacteriochlorophyll a or b Possess intracellular cytoplasmic Possess only plasma membrane membranes