Researchers have reported advances in their attempts to synthesize life from scratch in a test-tube—bringing non-living matter to life. In the lab, they have been able to produce ‘protocells’ from fatty molecules that can spontaneously trap pieces of nucleic acids that possess the code for replication and metabolism. With continued progress, protocells may be synthesized that form self-replicating, evolving system that satisfy the conditions of life.       Consider the scientific understanding that may be generated from this project. What scientific questions might the knowledge generated from this project help answer?           Reflect on the broader significance of this work. What objections might be raised about this line of research?

The advantage of yeast cells over bacterial cells to express human proteins is that: a. yeast cells grow faster b. yeast cells are easier to manipulate genetically c. yeast cells are eukaryotic and modify proteins similarly to human cells d. yeast cells are easily lysed to purify the proteins

A DNA helix is found in the _____ form while an RNA helix is found in the _____ form. A) A, B B) B, A C) C, D D) Right, Left

DNA is the blueprint for the cell, but not all genes in DNA lead to protein. Gene expression is the study of how genes are used to make their particular product. What are some examples of gene products that do not lead to proteins? (a) DNA can lead to carbohydrates. (b) can lead to phospholipids. (c) DNA can lead to lipids. (d) DNA can lead to RNAs which don't go on to be translated into protein.

Which of the following schemes for molecular information flow never occurs in cellular life forms? a. DNA to rRNA b. mRNA to protein c. DNA to tRNA d. DNA to mRNA e. RNA to DNA

Base on Carl woese' ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene tree. How can I map the following traits: 1.Monolayer lipid membrane 2.Linear chromosomes 3.Gram-negative cell wall 4.Several RNA polymerase 5.DNA 6.Glycerol 7.70s ribosomes 8.Nucleus To Carl's gene tree (bacteria,Archae,Eukarya).

Considering only the work of Griffith, Aver, Hersey & Chase, Beadle & Tatum, and Garrod, which of the following is the most complete supported statement?   Question options:   DNA is the genetic material   genes act through enzumes   DNA directs the activity of enzymes   none of these statements are supported by the work of the listed scientists   a gene is a unit of DNA that directs the synthesis of a polypeptide or functional RNA molecule     DNA is transcribed into RNA Which of the following statements regarding the nature of genes is FALSE?   Question options:   some proteins consist of multiple polypeptide chains   not all enzymes are products of genes   the ultimate products of some genes are functional RNAs rather than any types of polypeptides   all of these statements are TRUE   a gene is a unit of DNA…

1)  Where in the heck did Class I transposons originate?   a DNA mutations. b Bacteria. c Prophages. d Retroviruses.   2)  What do you think about humans only having about 22,500 genes but we contain about 100,000 proteins?!   a The production of quaternary shape in proteins can contribute to protein variation. b That's the work of the spliceosome! c Post-translation modifications in the Golgi Apparatus are responsible for some of that. d All the answers are correct.

A strain of Neisseria gonorrheae has recently acquired the ability to be resistant to the antibiotic penicillin. Evidence indicates that this is not a new mutation but rather a gene received from another bacterium. After the new genetic information recombines with the genome, how would gonorrheae use the DNA to resist the action of penicillin? The gene would be transcribed into RNA and then translated into protein. The gene would translated into protein and then transcribed into RNA. The gene would be recognized as a mutation and repaired. The gene would be released from the N. gonorrheae as naked DNA.

Discuss the following: “During the evolution of life on earth, RNA lost its glorious position as the first self- replicating catalyst. its role now is as a mere messenger in the information flow from DNA to protein.”