Recall Milgram’s infamous obedience studies. Milgram had participants give a series of increasingly painful electric shocks to another participant (actually a confederate). Milgram he found that 65% of the real participants obeyed through the end of the study, giving what they thought was 350 volts to the confederate, which was considered “lethal”. Given the infamous study and the negative attention it received, current researchers doubt that current (and more knowledgeable) participants would obey as much as the naïve participants that Milgram used in the original study. Are the researchers correct? Which is the research hypothesis? Ha: Obedience = 65% Ha: Obedience < 65%

Question 29 Use the following scenario to determine whether the statement is true or false. Scenario: Suppose the first quartile of Exam 1 scores is 74. True or False: A correct interpretation would be that 25% of scores were higher than 74. True False

You are a researcher who wants to study how people’s feelings towards Congress change over time. You send a survey to the same 1,000 people at two time points: 2005 and 2015. What type of study is this? A. Open-ended response study B. Focus group study C. Two-wave panel study D. Three-wave panel study

Let's say the program reduces the risk of 30-day readmission. If 5% of the patients who received early mobility were re - admitted and 10% of the patients who did not receive it were re - admitted, we can infer: Patients who received early mobility were times as likely to be re- admitted compared to those who did not. a. 1.50 b. 0.50 c. 10.00 d . 2.00

The following is based on information from The Wolf in the Southwest: The Making of an Endangered Species, by David E. Brown (University of Arizona Press). Before 1918, the proportion of female wolves in the general population of all southwestern wolves was about 50%. However, after 1918, southwestern cattle ranchers began a widespread effort to destroy wolves. In a recent sample of 37 wolves, there were only 11 females. One theory is that male wolves tend to return sooner than females to their old territories, where their predecessors were exterminated. Do these data indicate that the population proportion of female wolves is now less than 50% in the region? Use α = 0.01. (a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. O Ho: P 0.5 O Ho: P = 0.5; H₁: p 5 and nq > 5. O The Student's t, since np > 5 and ng > 5. The standard normal, since np < 5 and nq < 5. O The Student's t, since np < 5 and nq < 5. What is the value of the sample test statistic? (Round…

. Do patients with gastrointestinal issues experience more psychological distress than the general population?   The DASS-21 questionnaire is a validated measure of depression, anxiety, and stress. For the general population, the mean for anxiety is µ = 4.2. Anxiety levels are calculated based on self-reported answers to questions on a scale from 0 through 42, with lower scores indicating lower anxiety.   Participants with gastrointestinal issues (specifically inflammatory bowel disease, IBD) completed the DASS-21. Use the data presented below to determine whether having gastrointestinal issues like IBD significantly increases risk for anxiety. Test whether or not the performance of this sample is significantly higher than the normal population using the proper t-test.  Here are the data:   Anxiety scores: 12, 15, 10, 8, 10, 5, 10, 13, 4, 6   ANALYSES AND UNGRADED OPTIONAL GUIDING QUESTIONS: 1a. Identify the Indep.Variable:__                  Dep.Variable:__ Is it the Hypothesis…

Question 4 Forys and Dahlquist (2007) investigated the effects of coping style and cognitive strategy on dealing with pain. Participants were first classified as having a monitoring or avoiding coping style. Participants were then randomly assigned to one of two cognitive strategy conditions, distraction or sensation monitoring. Participants were next instructed to use the cognitive strategy while submerging their hand in ice water. The researchers measured pain tolerance as the number of seconds participants were able to keep their hand in the ice water. How would you label the ANOVA used to analyze this data? 4 x 2 within-groups ANOVA O 2x 2 between-groups ANOVA 2 x 2 within-groups ANOVA 4 x 2 between-groups ANOVA

You are interested in investigating the efficacy of a new pain medication and design an experiment measuring pain levels before and after the administration of a new medication. You recruit 9 people to participate in your study and bring the same 9 participants in for two separate sessions. Here is the raw data: Pair Number Placebo Pain Score Pain Medication Pain Score 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 5 7 10 5 8 7 8 6 8 QUESTION 20 5 5 8 4 4 3 5 3 2 Use the t-test handout printout provided to calculate the t- statistic. What is the t-test statistic value? Round to the nearest tenth. What conclusion would you make on the above data, based on the t-value you calculated and the critical value of t? O You accept the null hypothesis because the t-value you calculated is inside the bounds of the critical t-value O You reject the null hypothesis because the t-value you calculated is inside the bounds of the critical t-value O You reject the null hypothesis because the t-value you calculated is outside the…

5. A recent study indicates that simply giving college students (n-30) a pedometer can result in increased walking (Jackson & Howton, 2008). Students were given pedometers for a 12-week period, and asked to record the average number of steps per day during weeks 1, 6, and 12. a. Which variables are described in this scenario and what are their scales of measurement? b. Which test should you use?