ranslating quantified statements from English to logic, part 3.

Tanslate each of these statements into logical expressions using predicates, quan-tifiers, and logical connectives. A)  Not all cats can jump high. Assume the domain is all animals. B) Some cats hate all dogs. Assume the domain is all animals. C) No drivers obey the speed limit if they are in a hurry. Assume the domain is allpeople.

I will thumbs up if you answer all. please convert FOL to CNF  Convert each of the following English statements into a single first-order logic sentence using the following constants and predicates. •Constants: Apples, Oranges, Chess, Go, John, Mary. •Predicates: oLikes(x,y): person x likes food y oPlays(x,y): person x plays game y a.If a personlikesApples, then they play chess. b.If a person likesOranges, then they play Go. c.A person likesApples or Oranges, but not both. d.John likes apples. e.Mary does not like anything that John likes. and then: Convert each of the first-order logic sentences in Problem 2to conjunctive normal form (CNF). There is no need to show intermediate steps. Assign each clause number: C1, C2, etc.

4. Briefly explain the difference between a singular term and a predicate.

Develop a system/application in Prolog that will allow grader to: load a set of student’s grades (see samples from the Table C below) query student’s final letter grade (A, B, C, etc.) by a given student’s name. query student(s) whose grade matches to the input letter grade (e.g., A). For example, show student(s) whose final letter grade is A. There are 3 types of grades for each student—HWs, Exams, and Project, with a weight of 20%, 40% and 40%, respectively, to the 100-point final. Table A and B show how the final grades (in points and letter) are computed. Table C shows samples of students’ grades. You will define the execution instructions to answer the following questions so that grader can test out your application in Prolog: how to load your source code to Prolog runtime/compiler how to load students’ grades to Prolog runtime/compiler how to query student’s letter grade how to query student(s) whose letter grade matches to an input letter grade Please DO NOT hard code any…

Using the predicate symbols shown and the appropriate quantifiers, write each English language statement as a predicate wff. (The domain is the whole world.) B(x): x is a bee. F(x): x is a flower. L(x, y): x loves y All bees love all flowers which one of these answer choices a. (∀x)(B(x) → [(∃y)(F(y) ∧ L(x, y)] b. (∀x)(B(x) → [(∀y)(F(y) ∧ L(x, y)] c. (∀x)(B(x) → [(∀y)(F(y) → L(x, y)] d. (∀x)(B(x) ∧ [(∃y)(F(y) → L(x, y)]

1. Use resolution to determine if the following arguments are valid. Use the predicates suggested.

The teams is a sports competition are divided into six groups with five teams in each group. Each team plays the other teams in its group once only. Write a Prolog preciate schedule(S) that is true if S is a valid schedule. A schedule lists the fixtures for each day of the competition. In a fixture (A,B), team A is the home team and team B is the away team. A schedule is valid if: • there are no more than three matches on any day, • each team has the same number of home and away fixtures in the whole schedule, and • each team has at least four rest days between fixtures. Ideally the schedule S should be as short as possible, and the predicate schedule should be able to generate multiple valid schedules.

Define the following predicates: • A(x) : x is on the board of directors." • E(x) : x earns more than $100, 000. • W(x) : x works more than 60 hours per week. The domain is the set of all employees of a certain company. Match each English statement with its equivalent logical expression. ? v 1. Everyone who works more than 60 hours per week earns more than $100,000. A. 3x(E(x) ^ ¬W(x)) B. Vx(W(x) → E(x)) C. Ex(¬A(x) → E(x)) D. Vx(W(x) ^ E(x)) E. 3x(¬A(x) ^ E(x)) F. 3x(A(x) ^ ¬E(x)^ W(x)) G. Ex(A(x) V ¬E(x) V W(x)) H. Vx(A(x) → E(x)) I. Vx(A(x) ^ E(x)) 2 v 2. Someone on the board of directors does not earn more that $100.000 and works more than 60 hours per week. ? v 3. Every member of the board of directors earns more than $100,000. 2. v 4. There is someone who is not on the board of directors and earns more than $100,000. ? v 5. There is someone who earns more than $100,000, but does not work more than 60 hours per week.

Exhibit the structure of the following statements by transforming them into a first-order formula,indicating the interpretation of predicates and the domain. For example the statement There isno greatest integer can be transformed into ¬∃x, ∀y, P(x, y) where P(x, y) is the predicate x ≥ y,the domain being the integers.Do not try to prove them (it may not be possible!).1. Every integer can be written as the sum of 2 squares.2. Every positive real number has a square root.3. The cosine function has zeroes.4. The cosine function has at least two distinct zeroes.5. There is a neutral element1for multiplication in real numbers.6. Every odd square can be written as the sum of three odd numbers.