Range of ankle motion is a contributing factor to falls among the elderly. Suppose a team of researchers is studying how combining compression bandages or compression hosiery with different types of footwear affects range of ankle motion. They suspect that more than half of all adults wearing compression bandages and no shoes will see decrease in range of ankle motion of at least 2° compared to when they are not wearing compression bandages or compression hosiery and are barefoot. They collect sample data from a random sample of 29 adults and determine that 17 see such a decrease in range of ankle motion. They compute a sample proportion of 17 = 0.586 %3D 29 The researchers conduct a one-sample z-test for a proportion, testing Ho : p = 0.500 against H1 : p > 0.500, where p is the proportion of adults whose range of angle motion decreases at least 2° while wearing compression bandages with no shoes. The lower limit of a 95% confidence interval for p is 0.436. Based on this interval, what should the researchers conclude about their z-test? The researchers should fail to reject Ho at a significance level of a = 0.10 - because || 0.586 > 0.436| a = 0.95 0.500 > 0.436 να=0. 10 v 0.586 > 0.436 0.586 > 0.500 a = 0.05

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**Range of Ankle Motion and Compression Bandages Study**

*Research Context:*

Range of ankle motion is a contributing factor to falls among the elderly. Researchers are studying the effect of wearing compression bandages or hosiery combined with different types of footwear on ankle motion. It is suspected that more than half of adults wearing compression bandages without shoes will experience a decrease in ankle motion by at least 2° compared to when they are barefoot without these bandages.

*Study Methodology:*

- A random sample of 29 adults was chosen.
- 17 adults exhibited a decrease in ankle motion by at least 2°.
- The sample proportion calculated is:

  \[
  \hat{p} = \frac{17}{29} = 0.586
  \]

*Statistical Analysis:*

To evaluate this hypothesis, a one-sample z-test was conducted with the following null and alternative hypotheses:

- Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): \(p = 0.500\)
- Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): \(p > 0.500\)

where \(p\) is the proportion of adults whose ankle motion decreases by at least 2° while wearing compression bandages with no shoes. 

- A 95% confidence interval for \(p\) was computed, with a lower limit of 0.436.

*Research Conclusion:*

Based on the confidence interval:

- The researchers concluded by choosing to "fail to reject" \(H_0\) at a significance level of \( \alpha = 0.10 \).
- The selection was made because the condition \(0.586 > 0.436\) holds true.

*Decision Justification Diagram:*

The diagram provided features dropdown options used to select statistical conclusion criteria:

- **Significance Level (\(\alpha\)) Selections:**

  - \(\alpha = 0.10\) (selected option)
  - \(\alpha = 0.95\)
  - \(\alpha = 0.05\)

- **Comparison Selection:**

  - \(0.586 > 0.436\) (selected option)
  - \(0.500 > 0.436\)
  - \(0.586 \leq 0.500\) 

This decision was made due to the calculated proportion 0.586 exceeding the lower confidence interval limit of 0.436.
Transcribed Image Text:**Range of Ankle Motion and Compression Bandages Study** *Research Context:* Range of ankle motion is a contributing factor to falls among the elderly. Researchers are studying the effect of wearing compression bandages or hosiery combined with different types of footwear on ankle motion. It is suspected that more than half of adults wearing compression bandages without shoes will experience a decrease in ankle motion by at least 2° compared to when they are barefoot without these bandages. *Study Methodology:* - A random sample of 29 adults was chosen. - 17 adults exhibited a decrease in ankle motion by at least 2°. - The sample proportion calculated is: \[ \hat{p} = \frac{17}{29} = 0.586 \] *Statistical Analysis:* To evaluate this hypothesis, a one-sample z-test was conducted with the following null and alternative hypotheses: - Null Hypothesis (\(H_0\)): \(p = 0.500\) - Alternative Hypothesis (\(H_1\)): \(p > 0.500\) where \(p\) is the proportion of adults whose ankle motion decreases by at least 2° while wearing compression bandages with no shoes. - A 95% confidence interval for \(p\) was computed, with a lower limit of 0.436. *Research Conclusion:* Based on the confidence interval: - The researchers concluded by choosing to "fail to reject" \(H_0\) at a significance level of \( \alpha = 0.10 \). - The selection was made because the condition \(0.586 > 0.436\) holds true. *Decision Justification Diagram:* The diagram provided features dropdown options used to select statistical conclusion criteria: - **Significance Level (\(\alpha\)) Selections:** - \(\alpha = 0.10\) (selected option) - \(\alpha = 0.95\) - \(\alpha = 0.05\) - **Comparison Selection:** - \(0.586 > 0.436\) (selected option) - \(0.500 > 0.436\) - \(0.586 \leq 0.500\) This decision was made due to the calculated proportion 0.586 exceeding the lower confidence interval limit of 0.436.
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