Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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**Resting Membrane Potential - Data**

| Concentration (mM) | K⁺ Inside | K⁺ Outside | Na⁺ Inside | Na⁺ Outside | Membrane Voltage (mV) |
|---------------------|-----------|------------|------------|-------------|-----------------------|
|                     | 140       | 4          | 10         | 140         | -68.036               |
|                     | 140       | 100        | 10         | 140         | -22.5                 |
|                     | 140       | 4          | 10         | 200         | -61.545               |

**Questions**

1. What was the effect of increasing extracellular K⁺ to 100 mM on the membrane's potential?

2. Explain why the above change occurred. 

**Explanation of Data**

This table represents the changes in membrane voltage (mV) with different ionic concentrations (in mM) inside and outside the cell. The first row is the baseline scenario, with typical K⁺ and Na⁺ distribution, showing a membrane voltage of -68.036 mV. The second row indicates an increase in extracellular K⁺ concentration to 100 mM, resulting in a membrane voltage shift to -22.5 mV. The third row examines an increase in extracellular Na⁺ to 200 mM, with the voltage changing to -61.545 mV.

Readers are encouraged to consider how these changes affect the resting membrane potential, reflecting on the Nernst equation and the principles of ionic equilibrium across a cell membrane.
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Transcribed Image Text:**Resting Membrane Potential - Data** | Concentration (mM) | K⁺ Inside | K⁺ Outside | Na⁺ Inside | Na⁺ Outside | Membrane Voltage (mV) | |---------------------|-----------|------------|------------|-------------|-----------------------| | | 140 | 4 | 10 | 140 | -68.036 | | | 140 | 100 | 10 | 140 | -22.5 | | | 140 | 4 | 10 | 200 | -61.545 | **Questions** 1. What was the effect of increasing extracellular K⁺ to 100 mM on the membrane's potential? 2. Explain why the above change occurred. **Explanation of Data** This table represents the changes in membrane voltage (mV) with different ionic concentrations (in mM) inside and outside the cell. The first row is the baseline scenario, with typical K⁺ and Na⁺ distribution, showing a membrane voltage of -68.036 mV. The second row indicates an increase in extracellular K⁺ concentration to 100 mM, resulting in a membrane voltage shift to -22.5 mV. The third row examines an increase in extracellular Na⁺ to 200 mM, with the voltage changing to -61.545 mV. Readers are encouraged to consider how these changes affect the resting membrane potential, reflecting on the Nernst equation and the principles of ionic equilibrium across a cell membrane.
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