Answer part c QUESTION HREE(ar Usin solidification process and appropriate sketches, briefly describe how a grainstru re of mild steel is obtained from molten mild steel.(b) Dis s the three types of imperfections that are likely to be found in solid mild steelproduct.(c) The equation N, = Nexp (-) gives the equilibrium number of vacancies, Ny. Answer%3!the following:Determine the total number of atomic sites, N, given that the density and atomicmass of aluminium are 2.6 g/cm' and 26.98 g/mol respectively and Avogadro'sconstant, Na is equal to 6.023 x 1023atoms/mol.(i)(ii)Determine the number of vacancies at a temperature of 960°C, if Qu 1.2 eV andk = 8.62 x 10-SeV/atom-K.

Given Atomic mass of Aluminum = 26.98 g/mol Density of Aluminum = 2.6 g/cm3 NA = 6.022 * 1023

Answered: (c) The equation N, = Nexp (-) gives…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question Six (a) At a temperature of 25°C, the number of vacancies, N., in a cobalt metal is estimated as: (b, N, = N, exp( - kgT (e) where, Q, = 0.85 ev/atom; kg = 8.62 x 10-5 eV/atom. K Given that NA = 6.023 x 10" atoms/mole, and peo = 8.85 g/cm', carry out the following: i. Determine the mass of cobalt that would contain 9.04 x 102? regular lattice sites. Calc 02 i: ii. Calculate the number of vacancies in the cobalt mass determined in (i) above.
A series of reactions is carried out on the alloy (A) formed of two metals, as in the following scheme : Amount of ppt. (B) +H2SO4(aq) +NAOH(ag) +NaOHçaq) Decreases and a Alloy Aqueous solution Ppt. (B) white green ppt. remains What are the two metals forming alloy (A)?.. a) Copper and aluminum b) Copper and iron c) Iron and aluminum d) Iron and lead.
Determine if each statement is true or false: (a) Substitutionalalloys are solid solutions, but interstitial alloys areheterogenous alloys. (b) Substitutional alloys have “solute”atoms that replace “solvent” atoms in a lattice, but interstitialalloys have “solute” atoms that are in between the “solvent”atoms in a lattice. (c) The atomic radii of the atomsin a substitutional alloy are similar to each other, but in aninterstitial alloy, the interstitial atoms are a lot smaller thanthe host lattice atoms.
PART B Q1 (a) Figure 5 shows the type of point defects that may presence in a metal. Compare the characteristics between the point defects occurred at point 1 and point 3. Figure 5: Possible point defects in a metal material (b) The equilibrium number of vacancies in an aluminium plate at the temperature of 500 °C is 7.57 × 10²3 m³³. The atomic weight and density for aluminium are 26.98 g/mol and 2.62 g/cm³, respectively. Calculate the activation energy for vacancy formation in aluminium. (c) Describe with illustration a point defect that may presence in silicon dioxide crystal structure. Q2 (а) Discuss with suitable example the influence of crystal structure of the solvent iron, Fe lattice to the diffusivity of carbon atom in the formation of a steel alloy. (b) Discuss the possible diffusion that take places in the making of electronic integrated circuit wafer with help of suitable diagram.
In the iron-carbon alloy phase diagram as shown in Fig. 1, draw the microstructures with indicating the name of each phases existing at (a) - (h) point.
HW(2 questions) Determine the distance between nearest (110) planes in a simple cubic lattice with a lattice constant of an = 4.83 Å. (y 7s The lattice constant of a face-centered-cubicstructure is 4.75 Å. Calculate the surface density of atoms for (a)a (100) plane and (b) a (110) plane. (Ans. (a) 8.86 x 10+ cm-, (b) 6.27 x 10" cm-2]
The karat scale used to describe gold alloys is based onmass percentages. (a) If an alloy is formed that is 50 mol%silver and 50 mol% gold, what is the karat number of thealloy? Use Figure 12.18 to estimate the color of this alloy.(b) If an alloy is formed that is 50 mol% copper and 50mol% gold, what is the karat number of the alloy? What isthe color of this alloy?
In a given alloy of Nb-Vd: * in the given 24 wt % Nb - 76 wt % Vd alloy with the density of the pure Nb of 8.57 g/cm' and density of the pure Vd of 6.10 g/cm', what is the number of Nb atoms per cubic centimeter (cm') if the atomic mass of Nb is 92.90638 g/mol? a. 1.5728 x 10° Nb atoms b. 1.01945 x 1022 Nb atoms c. 2.81822 x 1014 Nb atoms d. 1.24626 x 1020 Nb atoms
The maximum solid solubility of carbon in ferrite occurs at 0.022 wt% C and 727 ° C, the eutectoid composition is 0.76 wt% C, the maximum solid solubility of carbon in austenite occurs at 2.14 wt% C and 1147 ° C, and the cementite composition is 6.7 wt% C. For 2122 g of a 3.2134 wt% C steel at 726 ° C, what will be the mass of carbon present as part of a compound?(a) 67.9 g(b) 74.2 g(c) 58.7 g(d) 83.5 g
Question Seven (a) For refractory ceramic materials, cite two characteristics that improve with and two characteristics that are adversely affected by increasing porosity. (b) Show that the minimum cation-to-anion radius ratio for a coordination number of 4 is 0.225. (Hint: Use the AX crystal structure, assuming the anion spheres touch in plane). (c) The unit cell for Al>O; has hexagonal symmetry with lattice parameters a = 0.4759 nm and c 1.2 nm. If the density of this material is equal to 3.99 g/cm' and is calculated according to the formuka n'(EAc+ EA) VcNA Calculate the atormic packing factor for Al>O1, given that the ionic radius for AI is 0.053 nm and i 0' is 0.140 nm. Take N = 6.023 x 1023 atoms'mole. (d) Mention any three industrial ceramics and indicate their applications.
a) Give any one practical example of adsorption phenomena. b) Mention any FOUR (4) applications of adsorption in chemical analysis.
A unit cell has a=5Å, b=5Å, c-8Å, a=90°, B-90° ad y=90°. What will be the Bravais lattice for this unit cell? Mention the following for each of the given crystallographic cubic planes. (a) Intercepts in the x, y and z coordinates (b) Reciprocals (c) Final index of the crystal plane 1/2

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