Question 4 please

Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN:9780133594140
Author:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher:James Kurose, Keith Ross
Chapter1: Computer Networks And The Internet
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Question 4 please

### TCP Congestion Control and Window Management

1. **TCP Basic Congestion Control Algorithm**
   - The TCP protocol uses slow start and congestion avoidance to manage network congestion. Consider a fixed packet dropping probability \( p \).

   **Tasks:**
   a. Calculate the mean time until another packet drop given the window size \( W \) when a packet drop occurs.
   b. Calculate the mean number of bytes transmitted given that each packet contains \( B \) bytes during the above interval.

2. **Impact of Window Reduction on Congestion Recovery**
   - With a single TCP session, assume a router becomes saturated when the input equals output rate with a window size of \( W \) and a round-trip time of \( R \). If the buffer is \( B \), and becomes empty when saturation occurs, address:

   **Questions:**
   a. Determine the number of round-trip times for a packet to be dropped and the TCP window size then.
   b. Estimate the time until the router becomes unsaturated with a linear window size reduction by \( A \) packets.
   c. Using a geometric window reduction strategy where the window is reduced by \( B \times W \) (with \( \beta \) as a constant), recalculate the above.
   d. Compare and decide the preferred strategy for congestion recovery, providing numerical examples if necessary.

3. **Comparative Analysis of SCTP and MPTCP Protocols**
   - Compare SCTP and MPTCP protocols regarding their capabilities and implementations. Conclude which protocol is superior through a comparative list or table.

4. **IPv6 Fragmentation and Network Overhead**
   - IPv6 doesn't implement fragmentation inside the network, unlike IPv4. Fragmentation overhead affects bandwidth consumption. For a header size \( H \), and a packet that traverses \( N \) networks:
   - Evaluate the total overhead bits under both IPv4 and IPv6 when the initial packet size equals \( \text{MTU}_1 \).

This content is designed to facilitate understanding of TCP congestion management strategies and networking protocols, providing insights into effects on data transmission and network efficiency under different strategies.
Transcribed Image Text:### TCP Congestion Control and Window Management 1. **TCP Basic Congestion Control Algorithm** - The TCP protocol uses slow start and congestion avoidance to manage network congestion. Consider a fixed packet dropping probability \( p \). **Tasks:** a. Calculate the mean time until another packet drop given the window size \( W \) when a packet drop occurs. b. Calculate the mean number of bytes transmitted given that each packet contains \( B \) bytes during the above interval. 2. **Impact of Window Reduction on Congestion Recovery** - With a single TCP session, assume a router becomes saturated when the input equals output rate with a window size of \( W \) and a round-trip time of \( R \). If the buffer is \( B \), and becomes empty when saturation occurs, address: **Questions:** a. Determine the number of round-trip times for a packet to be dropped and the TCP window size then. b. Estimate the time until the router becomes unsaturated with a linear window size reduction by \( A \) packets. c. Using a geometric window reduction strategy where the window is reduced by \( B \times W \) (with \( \beta \) as a constant), recalculate the above. d. Compare and decide the preferred strategy for congestion recovery, providing numerical examples if necessary. 3. **Comparative Analysis of SCTP and MPTCP Protocols** - Compare SCTP and MPTCP protocols regarding their capabilities and implementations. Conclude which protocol is superior through a comparative list or table. 4. **IPv6 Fragmentation and Network Overhead** - IPv6 doesn't implement fragmentation inside the network, unlike IPv4. Fragmentation overhead affects bandwidth consumption. For a header size \( H \), and a packet that traverses \( N \) networks: - Evaluate the total overhead bits under both IPv4 and IPv6 when the initial packet size equals \( \text{MTU}_1 \). This content is designed to facilitate understanding of TCP congestion management strategies and networking protocols, providing insights into effects on data transmission and network efficiency under different strategies.
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