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Pathogenicity
Infection and Transmission
The infections are generated by the pathogenic organisms present in the environment. They maintain the capacity to invade a host body and establish colonies. A disease caused by such infectious agents is called a communicable disease or transmissible disease. These diseases spread through diverse means including blood, food, water, air, or vectors.
Introduction
We are surrounded by various pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungus etc. Every day we get exposed to these pathogens but thanks to our immune system due to which we don’t fall sick daily. Our immune system fights with these pathogens daily but still we can have infections or disease due to various reasons, high pathogenicity is one among them.
Diseases can be classified into two based on communicability: Communicable disease and Non-communicable disease.
Communicable disease can be transmitted from infected person to healthy person via various means such as through sneezing, coughing, copulation, sharing grooming tools, needles etc.
Examples of such disease are: most viral infection such as HIV, flu, COVID, TB etc.
Non-communicable disease cannot be transmitted from diseased person to healthy person, examples are diabetes, many of the cancer, hernia etc.
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- QUESTION 19 Which of the following is not an exotoxin? O LPS O A-B toxin O Leukocidins O Superantigens QUESTION 20 The mycolic acid in the Mycobacteriumcell wall: O Keeps the bacteria from being pathogenic Makes the bacteria susceptible to antibiotics O Makes the bacteria gram negative Protects the bacteria from the immune system QUESTION 21 Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save All Answers to save all answ P Type here to searchQUESTION 24 A patient in the hospital with a urinary catheter develops a bladder infection This is an example of ain) infection O propogated spread O communicatble O passive carrier O healthcare associated QUESTION 25 All are bacterial virulence factors except: O A capsule O A protease enzyme that breaks down antibodies O Spike proteins in the envelope of HIV O The coagulase enzyme released by certain Gram positive microbes QUESTION 26 The meat processing equipment at a local hamburger patty factory was contaminated with E col. All of the hamburger patties sold during the next two months were cont property lead to illness. This would be best categorized as O a. common source spread Ob.contagious. Oc propagated spread O d. vector transmissionQuestion 1 What is a reasonable treatment for an E. coli infection? O Interferon O Antiviral drugs O Antibiotics O Quinines O Antibodies
- Help me, please! I wish I have a lot of time to do it by myself ... This is the article link and a microbiology open Stax book link for chapter 16 terms. Please help me to find answers. https://piercemil.instructure.com/courses/2180982/assignments/24927088 https://openstax.org/books/microbiology/pages/15-2-how-pathogens-cause-disease#OSC_Microbio_15_02_Invasion Questions: If possible please write the pg of an article with related Answers; it will be easier for me to describe in detail. Thank You for Helping me. Using the terms found in the “Patterns of Incidence” subsection in Chapter 16, what pattern of incidence best matches the outbreak described in the article? Using the terms found in the “Pioneers of Epidemiology” subsection in Chapter 16, which discusses “spread”, what type of spread of the pathogen best matches the outbreak described in the article? Be specific. What type of epidemiological study was used to identify the source of the pathogen in the article? Be specific.…It was important for Lilly to understand how the bacteria were able to cause disease in patients. The mechanism of pathogenesis by M. tuberculosis starts in the lung alveoli. The cell wall of M. tuberculosis allows it to resist phagocytolysis by the alveolar macrophages, where they can multiply. They can then induce apoptosis in macrophages, which die, and the bacteria is free to infect other macrophages. As the cycle of infection slowly progresses, the body's response to the infection is to try to wall off the bacteria in granulomas (wall of immune cells, both dead and alive, surrounding the bacteria to restrict its spread). Eventually, the bacteria can escape the granuloma and infect other parts of the lung. Transmission of Mtb Initial infection and Granuloma cavitationy replication of Mtb in macrophages and dissemination of Mtb in the lung Infected macrophages Caseating granuloma Recruitment of Innate and adaptive immune cells Infected cells undergo necrosis resulting in the…Status: Moving to another question will save this response. Question 16 Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are usually considered pathogenic. Select the exception. O a. Bacillus anthracis O b. Thermus aquaticus OC. Borrelia burgdorferi O d. Clostridium botulinum O e. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Moving to another question will save this response. ENG 4) O HUAWEI
- Question 1 Which of the following statements about anthrax is incorrect? O there is a potential for long-term memory damage in survivors O the organism produces a 3-component toxin transmission of this disease is by spores and it is not considered contagious O some strains of anthrax cause the inhalation form, while others cause the cutaneous form antibiotic therapy must be given early for effective treatment D Question 2 2.5 pts The incubation period for salmonellosis (enteritis) is longer than for staphylococcal food poisoning because: the food that contains Salmonella is usually uncooked Salmonella is carried by turtles, and they are slow by nature Salmonella must reach the blood before symptoms are experienced Salmonella grows more slowly than Staphylococcus salmonellosis is due to a developing infection rather than a result of a pre-existing toxin 2.5 ptsA elearn.squ.edu.om/mod/quiz/attempt.php?attempt3D1335328&cmid%3D697149 E-leaming System (Academic) estion 19 Which of the following bacteria contain "Endotoxin" as an important constituent of its structure? ot yet swered Select one: arked out of O a. It is present in both O b. Gram positive bacteria Flag question O c. Fungi O d. All answers are correct O e. Gram negative bacteria stion 20 In our bodies, food is broken down into smaller molecules by catalytic enzymes in the digestive tract to allows yet for easy absorption of nutrients by cells in the intestine. vered Oat bran proteins for example, are broken down by pepsin enzyme, by which reaction does this process happen and which chemical bonds will be broken down? ked out of ag question Select one: O a. Dehydration, covalent bonds O b. Hydrolysis, hydrogen bond Oc. Condensation, peptide bods O d. Hydrolysis, covalent bonds O e. Dehydration, hydrophobic interactions020-2 b My Qu X All Cha Nazare Permis h BIO210 Co X Master Anator Chapte um.ecollege.com/course.html?courseld%3D156741508OpenVellumHMAC=54e94737743258a7158dac000d4797e4#10001 Chapte Q Upgra Q Ch. 4 FAnswer the following questions: 1. What was the first antibiotic and what was its importance? 2. What does resistance mean? 3. Who is affected by resistance? 4. What if the resistance problem is not solved? 5. Describe the structure of the bacterium (its parts) 6. Can bacteria change? explain 7. Why do Bacteria communicate, what is the purpose? 8. Explain how a bacterium achieves its resistance. 9. What is the use given to antibiotics in production animals? 10. Is this use in animals good practice? 11. Once resistance occurs, what has the scientific community had to do? 12. Do antibiotics only affect negative bacteria? explain. 13. What are the most feared diseases due to antibiotic resistance? 14. Should antibiotics be used against viruses? explain. 15. How can we avoid antibiotic resistance?1-ZA: MICROBIOLOG X Gyes or no Measles is an ex x a A https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScarFK5blZrF4szvrYJcXtBP9s_fgUvBMwqmKjcBQTvY5CaFQ/formRespc Which of the following is TRUE regarding bacteria? Bacteria help produce vitamins in our digestive system Bacteria help clean our intestinal walls and help digest food Bacteria are involved in the production of a variety of foods we consume All of the above are true Which of the following statements concerning viruses and human health is 1 false? in many diseases caused by viruses, the virus attacks cells as it reproduces many viral diseases can be controlled through vaccinations some viruses can remain dormant in the body for years before disease symptoms appear most viral infections are difficult to treat, but they can be finally destroyed by antibioticsCommunicable diseases caused by microbes must have A portal of exit only O A portal of entry only Both a portal of entry and a portal of exit O Neither a portal of entry nor a portal of exit MacBook Air 80 000 000 F8 F7 F6 F4 F5 F3SEE MORE QUESTIONS