Q5. Each ionizable group of an amino acid can exist in one of two states, charged or neutral. The electric charge on the functional group is determined by the relationship between its pKa and the pH of the solution. This relationship is described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. (a) Histidine has three ionizable functional groups. Write the equilibrium equations for its three ionizations and assign the proper pKa for each ionization. Draw the structure of histidine in each ionization state. What is the net charge on the histidine molecule in each ionization state? (b) Draw the structures of the predominant ionization state of histidine at pH 1, 4, 8, and 12. Note that the ionization state can be approximated by treating each ionizable group independently. (c) What is the net charge of histidine at pH 1, 4, 8, and 12? For each pH, will histidine migrate toward the anode (+) or cathode (-) when placed in an electric field?

Biochemistry
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Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
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Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science
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Q5. Each ionizable group of an amino acid can exist in one of two states, charged or neutral. The
electric charge on the functional group is determined by the relationship between its pka and
the pH of the solution. This relationship is described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.
(a) Histidine has three ionizable functional groups. Write the equilibrium equations for its three
ionizations and assign the proper pKa for each ionization. Draw the structure of histidine
in each ionization state. What is the net charge on the histidine molecule in each ionization
state?
(b) Draw the structures of the predominant ionization state of histidine at pH 1, 4, 8, and 12.
Note that the ionization state can be approximated by treating each ionizable group
independently.
(c) What is the net charge of histidine at pH 1, 4, 8, and 12? For each pH, will histidine migrate
toward the anode (+) or cathode (-) when placed in an electric field?
Transcribed Image Text:Q5. Each ionizable group of an amino acid can exist in one of two states, charged or neutral. The electric charge on the functional group is determined by the relationship between its pka and the pH of the solution. This relationship is described by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation. (a) Histidine has three ionizable functional groups. Write the equilibrium equations for its three ionizations and assign the proper pKa for each ionization. Draw the structure of histidine in each ionization state. What is the net charge on the histidine molecule in each ionization state? (b) Draw the structures of the predominant ionization state of histidine at pH 1, 4, 8, and 12. Note that the ionization state can be approximated by treating each ionizable group independently. (c) What is the net charge of histidine at pH 1, 4, 8, and 12? For each pH, will histidine migrate toward the anode (+) or cathode (-) when placed in an electric field?
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