Q3) Construct and design a CMOS NOR gate with two inputs having KN =KP = 500μA/V2, VDD = 3 V, VTN = 1V, VTP= -1 V and load capacitance of 1pF is connected at its output ,determine its switching speed.

Given a capacitor with capacitance 10.0 ± 0.1 µF and a resistor with resistance 10.0 ± 0.2 MΩ. What is the time constant (including the uncertainty)?

A frictionless device changes the gap width, and hence the capacitance, of an air-filled parallel-plate capacitor. A switch allows a 375V voltage source to be connected to and disconnected from the capacitor. With the initial gap width, the capacitance is 821.3pF. The switch is closed allowing the capacitor to become fully charged. The switch is then opened, and the gap width is changed until the capacitance is 210.2pF.  a. What is the magnitude of the work, in millijoules, that is required to change the gap width from the initial value to the final value?  b. What is the ratio of the final gap width to the initial gap width?  c. With the final gap width, what is the potential difference, in volts, across the capacitor?

E12P7

A 1000 pF capacitor is connected in series with a 2000 pF capacitor. Initially, the charges on the two capacitors are zero. At time t = 0, the combination is connected in series with a 1 M resistor and a 12 V battery. a) Sketch this circuit. b) Calculate the final charge on the 1 uF capacitor after a sufficiently long time, and estimate whether a characteristic time would be some milliseconds, some seconds, or some hours. c) Sketch a graph of the voltage on the 1 uF capacitor as a function of time, using your results from (b).

A 1.0 μF capacitor is being charged by a 9.0 V battery through a 10 MΩ resistor. (A) Determine the potential across the capacitor at time t=1.0 s. Express your answer in volts. (B) Determine the potential across the capacitor at time t=5.0 s Express your answer in volts. (C) Determine the potential across the capacitor at time t=20 s. Express your answer in volts.

An oscillator circuit is important to many applications. A simple oscillator circuit can be built by adding a neon gas tube to an RC circuit, as shown in the figure (Figure 1). Gas is normally a good insulator, and the resistance of the gas tube is essentially infinite when the light is off. This allows the capacitor to charge. When the capacitor voltage reaches a value Von, the electric field inside the tube becomes strong enough to ionize the neon gas. Visually, the tube lights with an orange glow. Electrically, the ionization of the gas provides a very-low-resistance path through the tube. The capacitor very rapidly (we can think of it as instantaneously) discharges through the tube and the capacitor voltage drops. When the capacitor voltage has dropped to a value Voff, the electric field inside the tube becomes too weak to sustain the ionization and the neon light turns off. The capacitor then starts to charge again. The capacitor voltage oscillates between Voff, when it starts…

Q48. Consider the following Boolean expression: (i+B)[A(B+C) + A[R+C) It can be represented by a single three-input logic gate. Iderify the gate

In an experiment, an initially uncharged capacitor of capacitance C=62µF (microFarad) is connected to a resistor R and a battery of voltage V as shown in the figure below: V(V) VT After the switch is closed at t=0, the voltage across the capacitor is measured and plotted as shown in the figure below. Using the data provided in the curve, determine the value of resistance R. Express your answer in units of using zero decimal places. 13- 12- 11 10- 9 8- 7- 6 5 4- 3 2 1- 0- 0 P 0.1 66****** 0.2 0.3 R www 0.4 0.5 C 0.6 t (s) 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 4

RC Circuits: In this circuit, the battery has voltage E = 2.0 V, and each resistor has resistance R = 10 Q. The capacitor, which has capacitance C = 1.0 x10-12 F, carries. initial charge 3.0 x 10-12 C, with the positive charge on the right plate. The switch is closed at time t = 0 s. a. Immediately after time t = 0, what current flows through resistor 1? b. A long time later, what current flows through resistor 1? c. Sketch a rough graph of the charge on the right capacitor plate, as a function of time. દ 8. ww C R 2 R3