Q24: Some fungi can synthesize the following fatty acid using acetyl-CoA and propionyl-CoA through their fatty acid synthesis system. Write all the reactions needed to synthesize this fatty acid starting from the two CoA derivatives. Use structural formula; Include the enzymes/specific domains of FAS (you may use abbreviations), cofactors, and reactants. Do not worry about the chirality of the carbons.

4.2 The first step in amino acid catabolism usually involve transamination. Since ammonia is a serious neurotoxin, the body maintains the nitrogen and ammonia balance carefully. Discuss the pathway, organelle and organs involved in maintaining this balance. Provide a schematic presentation of the pathway to supplement your discussion.

Although the first two carbons of fructose and glucose are identical in structure to DHAP and GADP (from glycolysis), DHAP and GADP equilibriate on their in solution to favor the ketone over the aldehyde, while fructose and glucose do not.  Why? a)The larger size of the molecule sterically hinders the isomerization b)The larger sugars have more OH groups which hydrogen bond and disrupt isomerization c)The larger sugars cyclize, and there is no carbonyl to isomerize in the cyclic form d)The larger sugars cyclize, and in the cyclic form the hydrogen bonding is very strong e)The larger sugars are less soluble in water than the smaller sugars

Amino acids are linked through peptide bonds to form proteins. This linkage of amino acids in the formation of proteins accomplished by [ Select ] reaction V [ Select ] Hydrolysis Fission Condensation Fusion