Proteolysis increases during the early phases of fasting, but later it decreases as the body adapts to using alternative energy sources. Given that feedback control mechanisms have not been described for intracellular proteases, how might you explain these apparent changes in protease activity?

Q: Explain how the g-glutamyl cycle acts to transport aminoacids across a membrane. How does the…

A: Gamma-Glutamyl cycle is mainly a glutathione salvage pathway. It is an essential pathway for the…

Q: What is an important effect of an enzyme-catalyzed maximum rate on cell metabolism?

A: When the rate of a process or metabolic reaction is increased by the addition of a biochemical…

Q: Why are transamination reactions important in both thesynthesis and degradation of amino acids?

A: Transamination reactions are the process by which amino groups and transferred to acceptor keto…

Q: What would happen to a cell if it did not produce any autolysins? What if it produced too many in an…

A: autolysin is an enzyme that is capable of breaking apart peptidoglycan, a constituent of the cell.…

Q: Would the absorption of water into absorptive cells be increased or decreased following cyanide…

A: Cyanide is a deadly chemical that acts very rapidly. It can exist in many forms. The cyanide group…

Q: Why do some people call GLUT4the training glucose transporter?

A: The pancreas is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland. It is called the exocrine gland because it…

Q: What are the key differences between receptor mediated exocytosis of GLUT-4 containing vesicles and…

A: COPII, COPI, and clathrin are the three primary coat proteins involved in vesicle production. COPII…

Q: What is the purpose of a protease inhibitor in cell lysis?

A: The drugs used to inhibit the proliferation of HIV are actually inhibitors of protease enzyme. The…

Q: What accounts for the fact that liver phosphorylase is a glucose sensor, whereas muscle…

A: Glycogen phosphorylase breakdown of glycogen to glucose-1-phosphate. The liver is the site for the…

Q: "Continual addition and removal of phosphates by protein kinase and protein phosphatases is wasteful…

A: It is well known that protein kinase changes a molecule's phosphate group. The phosphate group is…

Q: Define the following terms:a. l-amino acid oxidaseb. serine dehydratasec. bacterial ureased.…

A: The alpha-amino groups of amino acids are mainly involved in two types of reactions, de-amination,…

Q: What are the two pathways of amino acid catabolism? Discuss briefly

A: Amino acids are the constituents/building blocks of proteins. They have an alpha carbon bonded to 4…

Q: Diets that severely restrict carbohydrate intake often result in ketosis for the dieter. Explain why…

A: Carbohydrates are the primary energy source for cells. Carbohydrates are stored in the form of…

Q: At the conclusion of anaerobic glycolysis, a metabolite is formed (you should have mentioned this in…

A: Metabolism is the entire quantity of biochemical events that occur in an organism's cells to sustain…

Q: UTP utilized

A: UTP (Uridine triphosphate), it is involved in Glycogenesis but not in Glycogenolysis. In the second…

Q: Explain how genetic mutations of phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase causing superactivity lead…

A: The overproduction and buildup of uric acid (a waste product of normal chemical processes) in the…

Q: What enzyme activities does the 20S proteasomal core particle have?

A: the 20S proteasomal core particle have:

Q: How are ketone bodies formed, and under what physiological conditions are they created?

A: Ketogenesis is the metabolic pathway in which organisms create ketone bodies through the breakdown…

Q: Why is cytosolic K+ highly concentrated when the extracellular K+ concentration is low even though…

A: The concentration of potassium ions (K+) inside a cell's cytosol is a finely regulated phenomenon…

Q: xplain in detail the term metabolic turnover.

A: Compounds comprised of molecules of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen are known as biological…

Q: What are four benefits of anaerobic glycolysis in tumor cells?…

A: Glycolysis is the process of conversion of glucose into pyruvate, with the production of ATP. It can…

Q: Indicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) glycogenesis but not…

A: Glycogen is the storage form of glucose in muscle and liver.it is composed of…

Q: Order the following events as they occur in the matrix: 1 2 3 4 5 | Flux through the urea cycle will…

A: The urea cycle is a series of 5 major metabolic, energy-dependent biochemical reactions that convert…

Q: Name three metabolic processes in the cell that are enhanced and two that are inhibited in response…

A: Insulin is a peptide hormone released by the beta cells of the pancreas. The key function of insulin…

Q: Please briefly explain the ATP_modulated actomyosih cycle.

A: Every myosin motor protein has ATPase activity and works in a periodic fashion, with ATP binding and…

Q: The symptoms of partial deficiency of a urea cycle enzyme may be minimized by a low- protein diet.…

A: Urea-cycle disorder is a genetic disorder that affects the breakdown of proteins in the body. The…

Q: Would the TCA cycle happen faster or slower when the cell is also carrying out gluconeogenesis?

A: Introduction: The process of creating glucose from non-carbohydrate molecules is known as…

Q: Why do protease-supplying cells of the stomachand of the pancreas make onlyprecursors of the…

A: The organs of the digestive tract secrete several digestive enzymes to support the chemical…

Q: In order to normalize blood sugar levels after a meal, mammalian systems release insulin and rely on…

A: Glucose is a monosaccharide sugar that serves as the body's principal fuel source for all living…

Q: Briefly explain the importance of vitamin C in the function of Prolyl hydroxylase enzyme? and what…

A: Vitamins are organic molecules necessary for several body functions. Most of the vitamins act as a…

Q: What type of enzyme regulation is the most readily (quickly) reversible?

A: Enzymes are biocatalysts that catalyse the biochemical reaction. Substrate molecules bind to the…

Q: Amino acid degradation and biosynthesis are related metabolic processes, but they are not identical.…

A: Amino acids are organic compounds that comprise amino & carboxylate functional groups in…

Q: What is the end product of catabolism of the pyrimidine basethymine? Unlike uric acid, the end…

A: Pyrimidine catabolism occurs mainly in the liver. Pyrimidine catabolism  yields highly soluble end…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.