Prokaryotic organisms like bacteria use the flagella for movement. What is the basic structure of a flagellum 2. Motile bacteria have different numbers and arrangements of flagella. What are they? Cite their differences.

How does the structure of a plasmodesma differ from that of a gap junction?

Describe the general functions of the following in a eukaryotic cell: the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, DNA, ribosomes, organelles, and cytoskeleton.

17. The unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has two flagella assembled from tubulin proteins. If a researcher changes the pH from approximately neutral (their normal growing condition) to pH 4.5, Chlamydomonas cells spontaneously lose their flagella. After the cells are returned to neutral pH, they regrow the flagella—a process called reflagellation. Assuming that you have deflagellated Chlamydomonas cells, devise experiments to answer the following questions: 1. Do new tubulin proteins need to be made for reflagellation to occur, or is there a reservoir of proteins in the cell? 2. Is the production of new mRNA for the tubulin proteins necessary for reflagellation? 3. What is the optimal pH for reflagellation?

Penicillin, an antibiotic, inhibits the formation of cross-links between sugar groups in peptidoglycan. Bacteria treated with penicillin should be: a. acrobic. b. anaerobic. c. Gram-negative. d. Gram-positive. e. flagellated.

Mesohyl contains: a polysaccharide gel and dead cells a collagen-like gel and suspended cells for various functions spicules composed of silica or calcium carbonate multiple pores.

Place in order the following events of receptor-mediated endocytosis. (1) Clathrin coat disappers. (2) Receptors collect in a coated pit covered with clathrin on the cytoplasmic side. (3) Receptors recognize and bind specific molecules. (4) Endocytic vesicle may fuse with lysosome whereas receptors are recycled to the cell surface. (5) Pits deepen and pinch free of plasma membrane to form endocytic vesicles. a. 4, 1, 2, 5, 3 b. 2, 1, 3, 5, 4 c. 3, 2, 5, 1, 4 d. 4, 1, 5, 2, 3 e. 3, 1, 2, 4, 5

Prokaryotes depend on to obtain some materials and to get rid of wastes. ribosomes flagella cell division diffusion

In what ways do the functions of the cytoskeleton differ from those of the endomembrane system?

Which of these statements is true? An antibiotic is any substance produced by a organism that is antagonistic to the growth of prokaryotes An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of other viruses An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that is antagonistic to the growth of eukaryotic cells An antibiotic is any substance produced by a prokaryote that prevents growth of the same prokaryote.