Price Level 150 130 110 90- 70 460 480 500 520 540 560 580 600 Real GDP a. If potential GDP (LAS) is $545, and the economy is presently in equilibrium, then there is a(n) recessionary billion. b. In order to close this gap aggregate demand must increase by $ 25 billion. gap of $ 25 c. If every $1 change in government spending leads to a $4 change in aggregate demand, government spending must increase by $ 6.25 billion. d. Suppose that initially government had a balanced budget. If government increases its spending as in part (c) and tax revenues are 0.2 of real GDP, what will be the government's real budget surplus/deficit at full-employment equilibrium? The government budget would have a deficit of $ 6.24 billion.
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- Exercise D24 Compare two policies: a tax cut on income or an increase in government spending on roads and bridges. What are both the short-term and long—term impacts of such policies on the economy?uèstion 21 pounts The economy is in a recession. The government enacts a policy to increase the real GDP by $10 billion. The MPS is 0.2. Assuming that the agggregate supply curve is horizontal across the range of GDP being considered, by how much should the government change spending or taxes in order to achieve its objective? Show your calculations. e For the toolbar, press ALT+F10 (PC) or ALT+FN+F10 (Mac). BIUS Paragraph Arial 10pt A v x X, Re v 55 OWORDS POWERED 図 田 lili 用The aggregate demand function: yad =C+1+G₁ = 500+ 0.75Y is plotted on the graph to the right. The graph also shows the 45° line where aggregate output Y equals aggregate demand yad for all points. What happens to aggregate output if government spending rises by 100? The equilibrium level of output rises by $ billion. (Round your response to the nearest billion.) Consumption Expenditure, C ($ billions) 3000- 2800- 2600- 2400- 2200- 2000- 1800- 1600- 1400- 1200- 1000- 800- 600- 400- 200- 0- 0 yad =C+I+G₁ = 500 +0.75Y Y = yad 45° 400 800 1200 1600 2000 2400 2800 Disposable Income ($ billions)
- 1. Suppose that the U.S. government increases its expenditure on highways and bridges by $100 billion. Explain the effect that this expenditure would have on aggregate demand and real GDP.Figure 3-3 45° Planned Expenditure 200 + 0.75Y 45 Income (Y) In the figure above: a. Find the equilibrium GDP. What happens to the left of that equilibrium? What happens to the right? b. When income is $1,000, what is the unplanned inventory? c. What is the GDP multiplier? d. What is the tax multiplier? e. How much should government expenditures increase if the government wants to increase GDP from the equilibrium level found at point a) to 1,000? f. How much should taxes decrease if the government wants to increase GDP from the equilibrium level found at point a) to 1,000? Planned Expenditure3. Suppose an economy had aggregate demand components with the following relationships: Consumption Spending, C-140 +0.60*(DY) Investment Spending, I-25 +0.15"Y Government Spending, G-0 Net Export Spending, X=0 Tax Collections, Tx = 0 a. What is the equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)? b. If the Government decided to Increase G spending by 6, what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)? Page 2 bed tooing c. If instead the Government decided to Reduce Tx (taxes) by 10 (i.e., send checks to people), what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)? d. If instead the Government decided to Increase G spending and Increase Tx (taxes) by 20, what would be the new equilibrium income for this economy (Show your work)?
- explanation. Be sure to exp Assume the United States has been in another recession for the past 10 months. Unemployment is 10% and GDP has dropped $1.9 trillion from its previous peak of $ 20.8 trillion. The housing and heavy equipment industries have been hit the hardest. Inflation has been near the 2% target but has started to dip below. Also, the countries average MPC is 60. Determine the best fiscal policy/strategy to help the economy recover and explain why it is the best choice. Be sure to reference Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply and explain your specific tools in your answers. Calculations Explanation Graph (More space for the explanation on the back)24. Which of the following is used as a remedial measure during a recession in an economy? a.Decrease taxes and increase government spending b.Increase taxes and government spending c.Decrease taxes and government spending d.Increase taxes and decrease government spendingAftempts Do No Harm /4 5. Fiscal policy, the money market, and aggregate demand Consider a hypothetical economy in which households spend $0.50 of each additional dollar they earn and save the remaining $0.50. The following graph shows the economy's initial aggregate demand curve (AD). Suppose the govermment increases its purchases by $3.5 billion. Use the green line (triangle symbal) on the following graph to show the aggregate demand curve (AD:) after the multiplier effect takes place. Hint: Be sure the new aggregate demand curve (AD:) is parallel to AD. You can see the slope of AD, by selecting it on the following graph. 116 114 AD, 112 AD. AD, 108 106 104 102 100 100 102 104 106 106 110 112 114 116 OUTPUT (BIlions of dolars) The following graph shows the money market in equilibrium at an interest rate of 6% and a quantity of money equal to $60 billion. Show the impact of the increase in government purchases on the interest rate by shifting ane ar both of the curves on the following…
- 15. If consumers in a country spend 3/4 of their disposable income. If their governmentincreases its spending by 75 trillion and in order to maintain a balanced budgetsimultaneously increases taxes by 75 trillion. Calculate the effect of the 75 trillion change ingovernment spending and 75 trillion change in taxes on the country’s aggregate demand.Gross Real GDP (after taxes) Investment $10 10 ITTIT 20 10 10 10 10 10 10 40 70 100 130 160 Consumption $-20 100 K Net exports +5 45 Government purchaies $15 7. Refer to the above table. If the full-employment real GDP is $70 the 15 15 15 15 15 15 OA) A. inflationary expenditure gap is $30. OB) B. recessionary and inflationary expenditure gaps are both $0. OC) C. inflationary expenditure gap is $10. OD) D. recessionary expenditure gap is $10.Answer exercises 11-14 on the basis of the following information. Assume that equilibrium real GDP is $800 billion, potential real GDP is $950 billion, the MPC is .80, and the MPI is .40.