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Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Chapter1: Chemical Foundations
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...
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**Problem Statement:**

Given:

- \( K_f \) for \( \text{Cu(NH}_3\text{)}_4^{2+} \) is \( 5 \times 10^{12} \).

Task:

Calculate the concentration of \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \) (aq) and \( \text{Cu(NH}_3\text{)}_4^{2+} \) that are present at equilibrium after dissolving 5.00 g of \( \text{CuCl}_2 \) in 1.00 L of 0.10 M \( \text{NH}_3 \) (aq).

**Solution Outline:**

1. Understand the dissociation and complexation reactions involved: 
   - \( \text{CuCl}_2 \) dissolves to form \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \).
   - \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \) reacts with \( \text{NH}_3 \) to form \( \text{Cu(NH}_3\text{)}_4^{2+} \).

2. Calculate initial moles of each reactant.
3. Use the stability constant \( K_f \) to determine equilibrium concentrations.
4. Apply the ICE table (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) method to solve for unknowns.
  
Note: Detailed calculations would follow the standard steps in equilibrium chemistry involving setting up appropriate expressions for \( K_f \) and solving for equilibrium concentrations.
Transcribed Image Text:**Problem Statement:** Given: - \( K_f \) for \( \text{Cu(NH}_3\text{)}_4^{2+} \) is \( 5 \times 10^{12} \). Task: Calculate the concentration of \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \) (aq) and \( \text{Cu(NH}_3\text{)}_4^{2+} \) that are present at equilibrium after dissolving 5.00 g of \( \text{CuCl}_2 \) in 1.00 L of 0.10 M \( \text{NH}_3 \) (aq). **Solution Outline:** 1. Understand the dissociation and complexation reactions involved: - \( \text{CuCl}_2 \) dissolves to form \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \). - \( \text{Cu}^{2+} \) reacts with \( \text{NH}_3 \) to form \( \text{Cu(NH}_3\text{)}_4^{2+} \). 2. Calculate initial moles of each reactant. 3. Use the stability constant \( K_f \) to determine equilibrium concentrations. 4. Apply the ICE table (Initial, Change, Equilibrium) method to solve for unknowns. Note: Detailed calculations would follow the standard steps in equilibrium chemistry involving setting up appropriate expressions for \( K_f \) and solving for equilibrium concentrations.
Expert Solution
Step 1-Introduction

In an equilibrium reaction, the rate of formation of the products is equal to the rate of their disappearance. There should not be any notable change in the composition of the participating components of the medium. 

So the concentration of the species present at equilibrium is expressed as the ratio of the concentration of products to the reactant species concentration. Mathematically, the equilibrium constant (Keq) for a reaction AB+C is furnished as follows:

Keq=[B][C][A]    ...(1)

 

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