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- A heterozygous individual has a _______ for a trait being studied. a. pair of identical alleles b. pair of nonidentical alleles c. haploid condition, in genetic terms9. Please determine whether the allele responsible for the trait is dominant or recessive. (A) (B) 1 2 10.For a cross between a female color blind carrier and a male color blind person, what is the probability for the female offspring to be color blind? What is the probability for the male offspring to be color blind? Please explain. 11.Consider the genetic map shown below AD Which two alleles have the highest recombination frequency? Which two have the lowest recombination frequency? O Focus ! 72°F DELL F5 F6 PrtScr Insert Hor FZ F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 23 %24 3. 4. 8 E R T6. Haemophilia is a relatively uncommon, sex-linked condition that is determined by a recessive allele on the X chromosome. It is a condition in humans in which the blood fails to clot normally. The following diagram shows a pedigree for haemophilia. Joe Sally Tom Tina 1 Jim Sheila 2 3 ? Mary Barry 4 5 6 7 Affected male Unaffected male Affected female Unaffected female a) Determine the possible genotypes for Jim, Sheila and their children (Sally, Tom and Mary). Use the symbols XH for the normal allele and Xh for the mutant allele and Y for the Y chromosome. Briefly state your logic in each case. b) Tom and Tina are expecting their first child and want to know the probability that the child had haemophilia i) if it is a boy or ii) if it is a girl. How would you advise them?
- 1. In guinea pigs, black coat color (B) is dominant over white (b), and short hair length (H) is dominant over long (h). a) A guinea pig that is homozygous for black coat color and heterozygous for short hair is crossed with a black coat, long-haired guinea pig which had a white-coated mother. Indicate the genotypes of each parent, their gametes, and complete a Punnett square which shows the genotypes of all offspring. b) What is the probability of obtaining offspring with the following characteristics: i) black coat color and long hair ii) a female with white coat color and short hair1. If the allelic composition of a gene is Aa, the genotype is said to be (homozygous, heterozygous). What is the probability of having "a" allele in gametes? 2. For a genotype of AaBb, what are the possible allele compositions in gametes? 3. What are the possible genotypes and phenotypes ("A" phenotype or "a" phenotype) in the offspring of a monohybrid cross Aa x Aa? 4. If the organism display a dominant phenotype for a trait ("A" phenotype), how does one determine if the genotype is homozygous or heterozygous? Please use the Punnett square to explain. 5. How many possible genotypes are there in the offspring of a dihybrid cross AaBb x AaBb? What are the possible phenotypes for such a cross? What is the phenotypic ratio for AB : Ab : aB : ab? D Focus 72°F DEA F4 PrtScr Insert Hor F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 24 & 3. 8 E R T Y U2.) (6) Assume that brown eyes are dominant = B, blue eyes are recessive = b. My first wife has blues eyes. I know I am homozygous dominant a. What is her genotype? b. What are her possible gamete genotypes? c. What is my genotype? d. What are my possible gamete genotypes? What genotype(s) do you expect of our offspring? Show your work (Punnett square is a good idea). e.
- 9. Make a pedigree for each of the following situations. For each individual, write the individual's genotype (when possible) next to the individual's symbol (e.g. O xty, I Gg): a. Two parents do not have cystic fibrosis and they have a daughter with cystic fibrosis and a son who does not have cystic fibrosis. The daughter grows up and she mates with a male who does not have cystic fibrosis. Their only child is a boy and he has cystic fibrosis. b. A man with hemophilia mates with a female without hemophilia. They have one son and one daughter. The daughter has hemophilia and the son does not have hemophilia. The son grows up, and he marries and mates with a female. Their only child is a boy, and he has hemophilia.7. In the guinea pig, one locus involved in the control of coat color may be occupied by any of four alleles: C (full color), ck (sepia), cd (cream), or c (albino), with an order of dominance of: C>ck > cd > c. In the following crosses, determine the parental genotypes and predict the phenotypic ratios that would result. a) Sepia x cream, where both guinea pigs had an albino parent b) Sepia x cream, where the sepia guinea pig had an albino parent and the cream guinea pig had two sepia parents c) Sepia x cream, where the sepia guinea pig had two full color parents and the cream guinea pig had two sepia parents d) Sepia x cream, where the sepia guinea pig had a full color parent and an albino parent and the cream guinea pig had two full color parents.7) In cats, the gene for coat color is both X-linked and incompletely dominant. There are black coat and yellow coat alleles, with calico (tortoise shell) as the heterozygous form. If a yellow male mates with a calico female, what are the expected offspring phenotypes (in percent)? hbit
- 5. In cattle, roan color (mixed red and white hairs) occurs in the heterozygous (Rr) offspring of red (RR) and white (rr) homozygotes. When two roan cattle are crossed, the phenotypes of the offspring are found to be in the ratio of 1 red: 2 roan: 1 white. a) What cross could produce the highest percentage of roan cattle? b) How would one produce a herd of pure-breeding roan-color cattle? Explain9.) In humans, when a dark-skinned person reproduces with a very light-skinned person, their children may range in color from dark to brown. This occurs because skin color is controlled by more than one gene (the exact # of genes is not known). For your convenience, a table is presented below that shows several possible genotypes & phenotypes: Genotypes Phenotypes AABB Very dark skin AABb or AaBB Dark skin AaBb, AAbb, or aaBB Medium brown skin Aabb or aaBb Light skin aabb Very light skin If a man with dark skin whose genotype is AaBB reproduces with a woman who has light skin (aaBb), what are the possible skin colors that their children will have? Develop a Punnett square and list the possible genotypes & phenotypes.4. Consider the characteristics and pedigree of a couple: Woman: has normal vision but mother is color blind has normal blood clotting but father is hemophiliac not bald but both parents are bald Man: father is colorblind but mother has normal vision both parents have normal blood but the brother is hemophiliac bald but both parents are not bald. a) Give the genotypes of the following: i. ii. man i. woman's mother and father iv. man's mother and father woman