Penicillin,an antibiotic inhibits the formation of cross links between sugar groups in peptidoglycan.Bacteria treated with penicillin should be:

Q: QUESTION: For each enzyme identify the transition-state inhibitor analog by drawing a circle around…

A: Whenever a reaction takes place there are reactants and they form products but in between, during…

Q: Which of the following is not a denaturing agent for proteins? Addition of heavy metals Addition of…

A: Denaturation modifies the molecular structure of a protein by breaking the weak bonds responsible…

Q: Raw red alga of the genus Porphyra is part of a traditionalJapanese diet. This alga is rich in…

A: The seaweeds are forms of algae growing in the sea. They are a source of food for ocean life with a…

Q: It is known that 80% of Penicillin is protein bound. Explain how most of it is being cleared from…

A: Penicillin is an antibiotic and a beta lactam drug. Penicillin upon administration into humans , go…

Q: Most healthy and some abnormal gut microbiomes that have a high diversity of taxonomic groups are…

A: Yes, this in fact true that microbiomes in our gut are likely to be resistant to manipulation…

Q: Which of the following would most likely be used to lyse bacterial cells so that their nucleic acids…

A: Recombinant DNA technology involves several steps in specific sequence such as isolation of DNA,…

Q: Why are methanogens like the members of Methanobacteriales resistant to antibiotics like penicillin,…

A: Antibiotics are compounds that are known to kill microorganisms by disrupting a process in cell…

Q: Why can bacterial ribosomes be targeted by antibiotics? a) Because they are different from…

A: Ribosomes Cell have tiny granular structure known as ribosomes. They are composed of ribonucleic…

Q: Chlamydia are pathogenic bacteria that must be grown within a eukaryotic host cell. They rely on the…

A: Introduction:- Chlamyadiaceae are obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that strictly depend on…

Q: Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidogly¬can synthesis or ribosome…

A: Antibiotics need to selectively target bacterial structures or processes while sparing human cells…

Q: Why have the chemical structure of some antimicrobial drugs been modified into semisynthetics?

A: Many antibiotics or antimicrobial drugs halt bacterial infection by interfering with the…

Q: ered once daily in the intensive care unit to treat sepsis caused by an abdominal wound. Serum and…

A: A life-threatening condition of infection is sepsis. It occurs when chemicals released in the…

Q: Why was the aminoglycoside added to her therapy?

A: Surgery is a complex process where various techniques and technologies are used on a person to…

Q: Explain how an enzyme can be useful in treating a bacterialinfection, such as that which occurs with…

A: Enzymes are also known as bio-catalysts because it acts as a catalyst in living beings. Hence, an…

Q: Why are Archaea resistant to penicillin?

A: Different types of antimicrobial agents are used to inhibit the growth of bacteria. Specific…

Q: Eubacterial ribosomes can be inactivated by all of the following antibiotics except:…

A: Microorganisms are small organism that cannot be seen by naked eyes. They include bacteria, fungi,…

Q: Discuss why bacteria are useful in biotechnology and genetic engineering,

A: GENETIC ENGINEERING:- It is a modification in genes that is done using biotechnology ( Recombinant…

Q: of.

A: All the above pictures are for the isolation of coliforms and intestinal bacteria. MacConkey agar…

Q: Difference between Capsule and Microcapsule in bacteria.

A: A capsule is a viscous material that surrounds the cell wall of some bacteria and forms a protective…

Q: Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidoglycan synthesis or ribosome…

A: Antibiotics are the antimicrobial drugs that prevent the growth of bacteria. These antibiotics have…

Q: Indicate in the boxes the activity inhibited by the antibioticsand list some antibiotics which…

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that are devoid of any membrane-bound organelles. They possess a…

Q: 3. The table on the last page compares for each of four different proteolytic enzymes the chemical…

A: Enzymes are proteins that catalyze reactions. Their reaction mechanism would have several transition…

Q: Then there are the drugs that inhibit metabolic pathways. Describe how sulfa drugs act to prevent…

A: Sulfa drugs, also known as sulphonamide, are a type of synthetic antibiotics. It is used in the…

Q: Bacillus thuringiensis forms protien crystals which contain insectidical protein , what does this…

A: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a bacteria that is usually found in soil. It is a gram-positive…

Q: The human intestinal tract is home to a vast, diverse microbial community. The bacteria that…

A: To investigate the microbial community in the human intestinal tract, scientists collected fecal…

Q: Compare and contrast the biosynthetic pathway with the endocytic pathway.

A: According to the question, we have to compare and contrast the biosynthetic and endocytic pathways.…

Q: What is the effect of the absence of the leaving group (acetomethoxy) at the position 3 and…

A: The presence of a leaving group at the 3'-position of a beta lactam antibiotic can lead to the…

Q: Name ONE glycopeptide and state what this glycopeptide binds to within a named bacterium and how…

A: Glycopeptide are a class of drug of microbial origin that are composed of glycosylated cyclic or…

Q: Three ways/mechanisms in which genetic material can be transferred from one bacteria to another…

A: Bacteriology is a branch of microbiology dealing with the study of bacteria. Bacteria are…

Q: Most medically useful antibiotics interfere with either peptidoglycan synthesis or ribosome…

A: Antibiotics are the antimicrobial drugs that prevent the growth of bacteria. These antibiotics have…

Q: An antiprotozoal drug that functioned by interfering with ribosome function in eukaryotes would be…

A: Protozoans belong to the kingdom of unicellular eukaryotes known as the kingdom Protista.…

Q: Beta lactam antibiotics disrupt peptidoglycan synthesis by binding to the bacterial enzyme necessary…

A: Introduction: The antibiotics that contain a β-lactam ring in their atomic design are alluded to as…

Q: Penicillin does not directly kill bacteria. Why, then is it considered to be bacteriocidal?

A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that are mostly free-living and omnipresent. They are small and…

Q: intestine of ruminants. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of…

A: INTRODUCTION Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is a bacterial parasite and the…

Q: Paratuberculosis is a contagious, chronic and sometimes fatal infection that primarily affects the…

A: tRNA is a small, well-characterized RNA molecules with a key role in protein biosynthesis. Transfer…

Q: One approach to combat drug resistance in bacteria is to combine drugs to treat bacterial…

A: A bacterial infection refers to an invasion and proliferation of harmful bacteria within the body,…

Q: Would a chemical that interacts with Ftsl, preventing these proteins from functioning, make a good…

A: Antibiotics will be used to treat bacterial diseases. But the spread of antibiotic resistance poses…

Q: Which ONE of the following best describes amoxicillin? Select one: A. A natural product produced by…

A: Introduction :  Antibiotics are defined as the medicines/drugs which are  used to kill or stop the…

Q: Draw a prokaryotic cell and show the different target parts of the cell where antibiotics can…

A: The prokaryotic cells are the primitive cells that do not contain any membrane bound organelles…

Q: Plasmids: contain genes needed by the cell for everyday function. confer new, non-essential…

A: Plasmids are the autonomously replicating circular extra chromosomal structures of bacteria. They…

Q: Which of the following mushroom-derived molecules is known to block DNA transcription by directly…

A: The mushroom-derived molecule that blocks DNA transcription by directly interfering with the…

Industrial Processes

Industrial processes result in the manufacturing of products (biological products, such as enzymes, medicine) on a large scale using different methods, such as physical and chemical procedures. Few products such as pharmaceuticals, agricultural products, food items, etc., involve microbes and their enzymes. Such processes are termed industrial biological processes. Microbiology and biotechnology enable us to utilize the ability of microorganisms to produce enzymes, primary metabolites, and secondary metabolites, which in turn help to produce the desired products.