Patients with a history of heart failure may take a medication that keeps calcium in the cells longer. Why would having more calcium in the heart’s cells be beneficial in a patient experiencing heart failure?
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Patients with a history of heart failure may take a medication that keeps calcium in the cells longer. Why would having more calcium in the heart’s cells be beneficial in a patient experiencing heart failure?
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- scenario: The doctor explained to Joe’s wife that plaque in his arteries had ruptured causing a blood clot to form. The clot was dislodged due to his high blood pressure, and got stuck in a coronary artery, which normally delivers oxygen-rich blood to his cardiac muscle. a) what will happen to calcium levels in the cytosol of the affected heart cells and why? b) What will happen to the conduction of electrical signals across the electrically isolated cells?A doctor tells her nursing students that it is important to monitor patients' blood pressure when they are receiving drug A* (a medication that blocks calcium channels). Use your understanding of the role calcium plays in the heart to explain why drug A* might affect a patient’s blood pressure. The answer must include an explanation of the role of calcium in heart function, as well as the predicted effects of the drug A*Why is the gap junctions between heart muscle cells play a relevant role in producing a regular heartbeat?
- Patients with a history of heart failure often get this history from chronic hypertension. Chronic hypertension leads to a condition called hypertrophic heart disease, or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. This means that the heart muscle gets bigger, allowing less room for it to fill with blood. If these patients take beta blockers, such as metoprolol, it will benefit them because the heart will not overwork and grow in size. However, if a patient has pulmonary edema, how could the beta blocker make this patient worse?You are a medical provider in at a clinic. A patient you are seeing complains of muscle weakness, an inability to move or contract. In order to better understand the issue you conduct a lab exam and discover the patient has the condition of hypermagnesemia—a high concentration of magnesium ions in the body fluids—magnesium ions have a charge of 2+ similar to calcium. What do you think is happening here? What can you deduce is the cause of the muscle weakness?Cardiomyocytes are similar to skeletal muscle because: a. they beat involuntarily b. they are used for weight lifting c. they pulse rhythmically d. they are striated
- is there a reason why there is fatty tissue on the heart compared to just connective tissue?During rhythmic, moderately intense aerobic exercise, there is a redistribution of blood flow throughout the body. Which of the following statements is true? O beta-2 receptors cause dilation and increased blood flow to the exercising muscle there is a large increase in blood flow to the brain to keep you alert mean arterial pressure increases 5-8x due to a similar increase in total cardiac output blood flow to the kidneys and gut increases due to the presence of alpha-2 receptorsCalcium is vital for bone growth, but it's also an important part of neural transmission. The role of calcium in neural transmission is that it enables the axon terminals to effectively Select one: a. secrete neurotransmitter into the synapse via exocytosis b. reabsorb neurotransmitter from the synapse via endocytosis after an action potential c. reabsorb neurotransmitter from the synapse via exocytosis after an action potential d. secrete neurotransmitter into the synapse via endocytosis
- Autism is a condition that is generally characterized by difficulties in communicating, understanding abstract concepts, and forming relationships with other people. Recent studies show that children with autism tend to have low levels of oxytocin. Oxytocin nasal spray has been tried as a medical intervention. List two main functions of oxytocin in the body.You want to find a drug which inhibits this calcium response pathway in normal cells where it is activated by a signal molecule (red dot). You decide to do mass screening to find that drug. You obtain a large collection of chemical compounds to screen. You make sure that they do not kill the cells and you test them in the following way: you treat the cells with the compounds and then stimulate the cells with the signal molecule (red dot) and analyze the response. Only one compound had an effect you call it drug#1. When the cells are treated with drug#1, and then stimulated with the signal molecule, you find that: 1) cytosolic calcium concentration is low, 2) DAG is not found in membranes, and 3) G-proteins binds GTP normally in drug-treated cells. Give a possible mechanism of action of this drug.In a cardiomyocyte, calcium enters the cells through A. HCN channels B. ryanodine receptors C. dihydropyridine receptors