Outline the mechanisms of the regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis.

Q: Describe denovo synthesis of saturated long chain fatty acid and its regulation.

A: Most fatty acids needed for the body are supplied by the diet. Fatty acids are integrated whenever…

Q: We have stated that fatty acids cannot yield a net gain in carbohydrates in organisms that lack a…

A: Fatty acids are the simplest form of lipids and serve as constituents in a large number of complex…

Q: the role of LDL receptors in cholesterol uptake and metabolism.

A: Low-density lipoprotein receptor is mosaic protein with 839 amino acids, that mediates the…

Q: Explain how cholesterol synthesis depends on the activity of ATPcitrate lyase.

A: Cholesterol is an amphipathic molecule found in the body. It has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic…

Q: How can the synthesis and breakdown of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate be controlled independently?

A: Glycolysis is regulated in 3 steps and is 1.Glucose-6-phosphate formation 2.Fructose -6-phosphate to…

Q: In their occurance, describe non essential amino acid biosynthesis, amino acid catabolism, fatty…

A: Non-essential amino acids are those that the body can synthesize on its own. This biosynthesis…

Q: Explain how the prolong intake of antacids can lead to vitamin B12 deficiency?

A: Vitamins are the micronutrients, these are required in very less amount. These can be consumed from…

Q: List the ketone bodies. Where are they synthesized and where are they used?

A: Ketone bodies have a distinct odour that can be detected in the breath of people in ketosis or…

Q: Why lactose cannot be used to replace IPTG?

A: Why lactose can not be used to replace IPTG? IPTG:- isopropyl thiogalactopyranoside usually mimic…

Q: Consider the pathway for catabolizing galactose. What are the potential control points for this…

A: Galactose is metabolized mainly in the liver, which is an important dietary sugar. Lactose gives…

Q: What is lactose intolerance? Discuss diet therapy employed for those experiencing the said…

A: Lactose is the sugar present in milk and dairy supplements. Lactose is a large sugar molecule that…

Q: Many people suffer from lactose intolerance. Outline how food products containing milk may be made…

A: Lactose intolerance is a type of digestive disorder that occurs when the body is unable to digest…

Q: State the advantages and disadvantages of the lactic acid pathway.

A: Advantages of Lactic acid pathway : Anaerobic respiration is relatively rapid.  Does not require…

Q: If all of the pentose phosphate pathway is functioning (both oxidative and non-oxidative portions),…

A: Pentose Phosphate Pathway, also called the HMP shunt pathway is a multipurpose biochemical pathway…

Q: is lycopene an intermediate in the biosynthesis of cholesterol?

A: Lycopene, a plant nutrient have antioxidant properties is an intermediate in biosynthesis of many…

Q: Briefly describe the function of uridine triphosphate (UTP) in carbohydratemetabolism.

A: The pyrimidine, which consists of nucleoside triphosphate and organic base uracil, is called…

Q: From what fatty acid are most of the eicosanoids derived?List several medical conditions in which…

A: Eicosanoids are signaling molecules that are produced via enzymatic oxidation of polyunsaturated…

Q: Describe the difference between lactose intolerance and galactosemia.

A: Introduction: Lactose intolerance is a condition where the body cannot digest the disaccharide…

Q: Discuss galactose metabolism.

A: Galactose metabolism : It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells of the liver. Galactose gets metabolized…

Q: Identify and briefly discuss each mechanism ensuring against simul- taneous fatty acid synthesis and…

A: Glucose acts as the main source of energy. Breakdown of fatty acids takes place when all the glucose…

Q: Describe how cholesterol biosynthesis is regulated by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and…

A: Biosynthesis of cholesterol occurs in both the cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum of the liver…

Q: In healthy adults, the concentration of glucose in blood is approximately 80 to 110 milligrams per…

A: An fundamental physiological function that keeps the human body's vitality balance stable is blood…

Q: With fatty infiltration of the liver, the synthesis of phospholipids is disturbed. What is the…

A: Fatty infiltration of the liver, also known as steatosis, occurs when there is an excessive…

Q: By looking into the triacylglycerides synthesis pathway, suggest a possible treatment for fat…

A: Fat is a lipid that is stored in the adipose tissues of the body. It has a role in a range of…

Q: hat enzymes are required for the synthesis of a glycogen particle starting from glucose 6-phosphate?

A: Carbohydrates formed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms are categorized into sugars, starch, and…

Q: describe the processes of lipid catabolism and anabolism

A: A lipid is chemically characterized as a substance that's insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol,…

Q: Write out one round of fatty acid synthesis and degradation. Describe how reciprocal regulation of…

A: Fatty acids are molecules that are long chains of lipid-carboxylic acid that are found in oils and…

Q: describe the functions of the pentose phosphate pathway. Explain how NADPH functions in biosynthesis…

A: In a cell, glucose 6-phosphate has two possible fates: be oxidised into carbon dioxide and water by…

Q: Compare and contrast the pathways of fatty-acid breakdown and biosynthesis. What features do these…

A: Introduction Fatty acid metabolism is associated with the step-wise building up of biologically…

Q: Explain the mechanism by which beta-oxidation of fatty acids is controlled.

A: The oxidation of fatty acids takes place in three stages.  The first stage is beta-oxidation. It…

Metabolic pathways

Metabolism is defined as the group of life-supporting, enzyme-mediated chemical reactions in organisms. A metabolic pathway is a set of these chemical reactions that involve anabolism (synthesis of complex biomolecules) and catabolism (breakdown of biomolecules into small molecules) that occur inside a cell. Metabolites are the reacting substances, products, and intermediate substances of an enzymatic process that are altered by a series of chemical events catalyzed by enzymes.