ording to the water potential values shown in the image, which ones are wrong and why? W air (22 °C, 50% HR) -100 MPa V sheet -0.2 MPa V stem -0.01 MPa to -0.1 MPa soil -1 MPa to -0.51 MPa -4 MPa W root -0.1 MPa to
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- An activated sludge system operates at a flow rate (Q) of 400 m³/day (and an HRT of 0.129 day) with an incoming BOD (So) of 300 mg/L. Through pilot plant work, the kinetic constants for this system are determined to be Y = 0.5 kg SS/kg BOD, Ks = 200 mg/L, and 2/day. What mixed liquor concentration is necessary to attain a 95% BOD removal? What will the corresponding MCRT be? =Soil organic matter (SOM) samples have charge that is pH-dependent, and measurements for the cation-exchange capacities (CECS) of soil organic matter average around 150 cmol(+)/kg SOM at neutral pH. Meanwhile, smectite clay minerals have CECS that average approximately 100 cmol(+)/kg clay. Since these two phases are the dominant contributors to soil CEC, we can use SOM content and smectite content (if we can measure it) to estimate total soil CEC. What would be your estimate for the total CEC (in cmol(+)/kg soil, to the nearest 0.1 cmol(+)/kg soil) of a soil that contained 3.28 % SOM and 1.0 % smectite clay by weight?In the data given, it is all about measuring the concentration of syrup solution using refractometer in different treatments such as sugar dissolved in distilled water, the sugar dissolved in tap water, and sugar dissolved in boiled water. In the data showing the degrees brix of each treatment, explain how to know/ interpret which of the three (3) is better? what are their differences when sugar is added in distilled water, tap water and bioled tap water?
- RESULTS Please give the time-absorbance values tab? Draw graph-growth curve in Excel? Find the equation of slope line? Calculate the generation time? Choose the values in log phase Abs 0.005 25 0.003 50 0.023 75 0.026 100 0.029 125 0.035 150 0.1 175 0.26 200 0.32 225 0.375 250 0.42 275 0.46 300 0.475 325 0.489 350 0.506 375 0.515 400 0.521 425 0.526 450 0.532 475 0.522 500 0.515 525 0.514 550 0.506 575 0.489 600 0.465 625 0.42 650 0.38 675 0.36 700 0,345 725 0.333 BACTERIAL GRO WTH CURVESolution A has a more negative water potential than solution B. Which of the following statements is/are 1 correct? Statement 1: Solution B has a higher wa potential than solution A Statement 2: There would be a net movement of water from solution A to solution B Statement 3: There would be a net movement of water from solution A to distilled water A 1,2 and 3 are correct B Only 1 and 2 are correct C Only 2 and 3 are correct D Only 1is correct MembUnder controlled conditions, a transpiration experiment was conducted using two different plant species, A and B. Each plant species was exposed to a low-humidity environment and a high-humidity environment with all other conditions kept the same. The transpiration rate was measured over a period of one hour. The data was graphed as shown below. A B transpiration rate (pl/cm²min) с 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 0.08 0.06 A bar graph of the transpiration rates of two plants under different humid conditions D 0.04 0.02 low humidity 40% In order to see the effect the change in humidity had on the transpiration rate, what would be a proper con trol to add to the study? high humidity 80% running the same experiment multiple times to collect additional data adding more water to the original plants and running the experiment again grow another set of plants at normal humidity growing more plants at 0% and 100% humidity Species A Species B
- Under controlled conditions, a transpiration experiment was conducted using two different plant species, A and B. Each plant species was exposed to a low-humidity environment and a high-humidity environment with all other conditions kept the same. The transpiration rate was measured over a period of one hour. The data was graphed as shown below. A B transpiration rate (pl/cm²min) с 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.1 A bar graph of the transpiration rates of two plants under different humidity conditions What is the independent variable in the experiment? D 0.08 0.06 0.04 0.02 low humidity 40% the type of soll each plant was grown in the amount of water lost the humidity the plants are grown in high humidity 80% the amount of water given to each plant Species A Species BIt is June in Fresno and the officials at the water district have just reduced your irrigation ration by 26%. In the field, you determine that the water potential in your soil is -1.68 MPa while the water potential of your crop is -1.62 MPa. Question A. Is your crop able to take up water from the soil? Explain. Question B. It is now late August and your soil water potential is -2.10 MPa, fortunately, you have been granted one magic wish in altering the physiology of your crop to increase its ability to take up water, however, you must choose from one of the options below. Fill in the values denoted by the ? as needed, and select the option that will cause the greatest water uptake by your crop. Option Vs (MPa) Vp (MPa) Vw (MPa) -1.90 0.00 -2.59 +0.13 -2.4 -2.09 -2.05 -2.28 +0.17 4.An activated sludge plant (CSTR w/ recycle) has the following characteristics: Influent substrate concentration, So = 400 mg/L BODL (all soluble); influent VSS, Xyº = 0; effluent 3 substrate concentration, S = 10 mg/L BODL; flow rate, Q = 1000 m³/day; aeration basin 3 volume, V = 200 m³; reactor MLVSS, Xv = 4,280 mg/L; average, steady-state oxygen uptake rate, Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) = 0.3 mg 02/L-min. The biomass viability (i.e., v = Xa/Xv) was measured using the oxygen uptake rate (OUR) technique and found equal to 0.926. An aliquot of mixed liquor was placed in a small reactor, aerated without any exogenous substrate addition (i.e., starvation conditions) and it's OUR was measured over time resulting in the following data: 0 1 2 3 4 5 Time (days) OUR (mg 02/L-min) 0.3 0.274 0.243| 0.222 0.203 0.182 6 8 10 0.165 0.135 0.110 By use of the above data, the microorganism decay coefficient (b, day can be estimated if you assume that a constant relationship exists between Xa and OUR,…
- For a CFSTR with cell input what should be true compared to a CFSTR without cell input all else being equal. Pick all that apply. a. S_min is lower for a CFSTR without cell input. b. To achieve the same effluent concentration, the required volume will be lower for a system with cell input c. A system with cell input is more likely to experience washout. d. A system with cell input will have a higher concentration of effluent Xa.What is the published generation time (otherwise known as doubling time) for Escherichia coli? How does the documented time compare to the generation time you calculated from your growth curve with this organism? If significantly different, what factors might have contributed to the difference?A surface water treatment plant operates round the clock with a flaw rate of 35 m3/min. The water temperature is 15°C and Jar testing indicated and alum dosage of 25 mg/l with flocculation at a Gt value of 4 x 104 producing optimal results. The alum quantity required for 30 days (in kg) of operation of the plant is