Orbital configuration of carbocation (figure 6.3 tButyl cation) energy diagram of a reaction, function of catalyst; intermediates, (enthalpy, activation energy) Markovnikov regioselectivity Anti-/syn-addition

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Electron pairs CH3 .. Erase H3C - С — СІ: H3C – S- CH3 CH3 CH, CH3 THF/H,0 + H,C--CH, CH C- CH CHs CH, Use curved arrows to write the first step of this nucleophilic substitution mechanism. :ö: | :ö:

6. The addition reaction of unsymmetrical molecules, e.g. HCI, H20, to unsymmetrical alkene molecules, e.g. propene, produces two products: a main product and a byproduct. The main product is the one obtained according to Markovnikov's rule and the by-product is the one obtained not according to Markovnikov's rule. Complete the given equations of chemical reactions by writing the semi-structural formulas of the missing substrates and products. Circle the main products. A. 2CH, = CH- CH, – CH, + 2HCĮ- В. В. 2 +2H,0- + CH, — сH, — сн, - он

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7. Fill in the missing information.

Alkene reaction map

11. (24 pts) (a) Similar to alkanes, hydrogen gas can undergo radical bromination according to the reaction below. Propose a chain-reaction mechanism for this reaction, including an initiation step, propagation steps, and two plausible termination steps. The homolytic bond dissociation energy for Br-Br is 46 kcal mole-, for H-Br is 88 kcal mole and for H-H is 104 kcal mole. hv Н-Н + Вr-Br 2 Н-Br (b) Calculate the overall AH for the above propagation steps (show all work).

What is the Potential energy diagram for this reaction. Pls draw with as much detail as possible. labels and scale) 2-methylpropan-2-ol ---> 2-methylpropene +H2O Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction of 2-methylpropan-2-ol ---> 2-methylpropene + H20 (1) Label the structures of the (a) reactants, (b) intermediates, (c) transition states, (d) products, and (e) activation energies (E.) for each step. (2) Which step is the rate-determining step? (3) Identify the electrophile and nucleophile in each step when applicable.

Do hydration reactions like this one have Markovnikov and anti-Markovnikov products? I know that for addition of halides on alkene double bonds, there are Markovnikov products becasue of 1,2-halide/methyl shifts, but there usually aren't shifts in hydration reactions.  Essentially, would the Markovnikov/major product for this reaction have a hydroxy group attached to the tertiary carbocation and the anti-Markovnikov/minor product for this reaction have a hydroxy group attached to the adjacent secondary carbocation?