Optically active butan-2-ol racemizes in dilute acid. Propose a mechanism for this racemization.

This is the structure of xylan given, is the mechanism still the same (would there be two hydrolysis steps)?

Draw mechanisms and products of the reaction.

1. NaOEt CO₂Et 2. H3O+ 3. heat Br H3C CO₂H CO2 H3C CO₂Et The malonic ester synthesis is a carbonyl alkylation reaction. It is used to prepare carboxylic acids from primary alkyl halides, lengthening the carbon chain by two atoms. Thus, the product can be visualized as being a "substituted acetic acid." The reaction consists of three steps: generation of the enolate anion followed by SN2 reaction with a primary alkyl halide, ester hydrolysis under acid conditions, and decarboxylation. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions 22 CX EtO₂C EtO₂C HOCH2CH3 HOCH2CH3 EtO₂C EtO₂C

When alkene B is treated with H2SO4 in water, two products are formed. Draw the mechanisms that explain the formation of alcohol Carid alkene D.

give the products and give the mechanism for the formation of A and B

Fill in the boxes with the appropriate reagents:

Draw the major organic product(s) for the following reaction

need help with question

H₂C OEt H₂C OEt 1. NaOEt, EtOH 2. H₂O* H₂C EtOH OEt Esters, like aldehydes and ketones, are weakly acidic. Treatment of an ester with 1 equivalent of a strong base, such as sodium ethoxide, causes a reversible carbonyl condensation to occur that forms a ẞ-ketoester. This reaction is known as the Claisen condensation. The tetrahedral intermediate thus formed expels an alkoxide leaving group to give an acyl substitution product, a ẞ-ketoester. The steps leading up to this point are all reversible. The best yields for the Claisen condensation are obtained when the starting ester has more than one acidic a-hydrogen. In these cases, a second deprotonation of the a-carbon drives the reaction equilibrium toward the product, thus requiring a full equivalent of base instead of a catalytic amount. Subsequent protonation with dilute aqueous acid resultsn a high yield of the final product. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing…