One type of cancer is caused by a mutation that occurs in a gene whose length is 2kb. A 200bp deletion is responsible for this mutation, and it is dominant, meaning you only need to have one copy of it to have cancer. A Southern Blot could diagnose this disease, but describe how you could diagnose this disease using PCR instead.

If the researchers carry out a PCR for this gene from the CD8+ T cells, what result would you expect?Explain.

A gain-of-function mutation is one in which a gene is expressed at the wrong time or in the wrong type of cells. Which of the following mutations could result in a gain of function of one or more genes? Duplication Translocation Deletion Substitution All of these choices are correct

A more modern molecular technique to RFLP fingerprinting is called Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs). In AFLP analysis, restriction enzymes are again used to digest genomic DNA into multiple fragments. Next, adapters complementary to restriction site overhangs are ligated to the fragments using an enzyme called DNA ligase. These adapters are complementary to primers used to amplify the fragments using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Can you think of any potential benefits of AFLP analysis over RFLP? Explain your reasoning.

You are performing a PCR reaction but unbeknownst to you, there is a significant pool of dUTP in the nucleotide mix (along with dCTP, dTTP, dATP, and dGTP). How might this affect your PCR product? a. If the PCR product was ligated into a plasmid and put into a cell, a totally different mRNA would be made from the insert compared to an insert made with T's.  b. If the pool of dTTP ran out before the pool of dUTP, DNA replication could no longer occur.  c. During the reaction, uracils incorporated into the product would cause the PCR product to degrade as it is being made.  d. Uracil would be incorporated into the product and would lessen the affinity of any DNA binding proteins that might bind to the product in subsequent experiments. e. Nothing would happen since polymerases can't use dUTP to make DNA.

A scientist wants to make a random mutation in a specific gene to investigate that gene's function. Which of the following methods is she likely to have used to make this change? mutagenesis with radiation random mutagenesis CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing followed by nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing followed by homologous recombination (HR) with a donor template oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis