Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in humans is characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive behavior, such as pacing. Canine compulsive disorder (CCD) is characterized by compulsive behavior such as “flank sucking,” sometimes seen in Doberman pinschers. Would you predict that the medications given to humans with OCD would decrease compulsive behaviors in CCD dogs? Why or why not?
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in humans is characterized by obsessive thoughts and compulsive behavior, such as pacing. Canine compulsive disorder (CCD) is characterized by compulsive behavior such as “flank sucking,” sometimes seen in Doberman pinschers. Would you predict that the medications given to humans with OCD would decrease compulsive behaviors in CCD dogs? Why or why not?
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- Owen is experiencing visual hallucinations that cause him to walk into traffic because he doesn’t know where he is. Without knowing anything else about Owen, can we conclude he likely has a mental disorder? Group of answer choices a. No, because it is important to know whether it is normative for people in his culture to walk out into traffic before we make a determination about normative vs abnormal behavior b. Yes, because Owen’s hallucinations are putting him in danger c. No, because it is unclear if Owen’s hallucinations are distressing to him d. Yes, because he is probably hallucinating due to drug useThe following is an example of how a patient with schizophrenia responds to a question from the healthcare worker: Healthcare worker: “Why do you think some people believe in God?” Patient: “People believe in God because of toys. Embryology creates flowers behind the garages. There are no bread in the house.” What term best describes the pattern of disorganized speech exhibited by the patient? Question 54 options: a) Clang association b) Word salad c) Neologisms d) VerbigerationIf a test were available that could tell you whether you were likely to develop a disorder such as schizophrenia later in life, would you take the test? Why or why not? Rachel asked to see a genetic counselor because she was concerned about developing schizophrenia. Her mother and maternal grandmother both had schizophrenia and were institutionalized for most of their adult lives. Rachels three maternal aunts are all in their 60s and have not shown any signs of this disease. Rachels father is alive and healthy, and his family history does not suggest any behavioral or genetic conditions. The genetic counselor discussed the multifactorial nature of schizophrenia and explained that many candidate genes have been identified that may be mutated in individuals with the condition. However, a genetic test is not available for presymptomatic testing. The counselor explained that based on Rachels family history and her relatedness to individuals who have schizophrenia, her risk of developing it is approximately 13%. If an altered gene is in the family and her mother carries the gene, Rachel has a 50% chance of inheriting it.
- Why do you think it has been so difficult to identify genes underlying schizophrenia? Rachel asked to see a genetic counselor because she was concerned about developing schizophrenia. Her mother and maternal grandmother both had schizophrenia and were institutionalized for most of their adult lives. Rachels three maternal aunts are all in their 60s and have not shown any signs of this disease. Rachels father is alive and healthy, and his family history does not suggest any behavioral or genetic conditions. The genetic counselor discussed the multifactorial nature of schizophrenia and explained that many candidate genes have been identified that may be mutated in individuals with the condition. However, a genetic test is not available for presymptomatic testing. The counselor explained that based on Rachels family history and her relatedness to individuals who have schizophrenia, her risk of developing it is approximately 13%. If an altered gene is in the family and her mother carries the gene, Rachel has a 50% chance of inheriting it.Tony has schizophrenia. He believes that he is the only true male on earth and that people don't really die, they just became other people, always female. Tony hears voices that say "Now he dies" and "Here's where he gets hurt." In addition, he reports having visual disturbances such as seeing streaks of light and after-images of people when they are no longer physically present. Based on these examples, Tony appears to suffer from schizophrenia, which is most strongly associated with O Type I; abnormal neurotransmitter activity O Type Il; abnormal neurotransmitter activity O Type I; abnormal brain structure O Type II; abnormal brain structureWhile visiting the Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, you have the rare opportunity to observe a client with schizophrenia during a PET scan. The client is a chronic user of cannabis and was asked to use cannabis 15 minutes before the scan took place. What is likely to be observed from the PET scan? Question 59 options: a) Reduced activity in the globus pallidus b) Increased activity in the limbic system c) Increased glucose metabolism in frontal lobe d) Increased size of hippocampus
- Which of the following best explains one of the ways we know the Dopamine Hypothesis of Schizophrenia isn’t entirely true? Patients with schizophrenia have the same number of dopamine receptors as others Medications affecting dopamine only treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia Medications affecting dopamine receptors aren’t effective in any schizophrenic patients Medications affecting dopamine receptors have bad side effectsJohn Jones, age 33, has been admitted to the hospital for the third time with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia. John had been taking haloperidol (Haldol) but stopped taking it weeks ago, telling his case manager it was “the poison that is making me sick.” Yesterday, John was brought to the hospital after neighbors called the police because he had been up all night yelling loudly in his apartment. Neighbors reported him saying, “I can’t do it! They don’t deserve to die!” and similar statements. John appears guarded and suspicious and has little to say to anyone. His hair is matted, he has a strong body odor, and he is dressed in several layers of heavy clothing even though the weather is warm. So far, John has been refusing any offers of food or fluids. When the nurse approached John with a dose of haloperidol, he said, “Do you want me to die?” What additional assessment data does the nurse need to plan care for John? Identify the three priorities, nursing diagnoses, and expected…John Jones, age 33, has been admitted to the hospital for the third time with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia. John had been taking haloperidol (Haldol) but stopped taking it weeks ago, telling his case manager it was “the poison that is making me sick.” Yesterday, John was brought to the hospital after neighbors called the police because he had been up all night yelling loudly in his apartment. Neighbors reported him saying, “I can’t do it! They don’t deserve to die!” and similar statements. John appears guarded and suspicious and has little to say to anyone. His hair is matted, he has a strong body odor, and he is dressed in several layers of heavy clothing even though the weather is warm. So far, John has been refusing any offers of food or fluids. When the nurse approached John with a dose of haloperidol, he said, “Do you want me to die?” Identify the three priorities, nursing diagnoses, and expected outcomes for John’s care with your rationales for the choices.
- ADHD seems to generate more opinions in the popular press than other disorders. People call it over diagnosed, made-up, underdiagnosed, a product of the pharmaceutical industry, etc. Why do you think ADHD receives more discussion than other disorders? What are effective and long-lasting treatments for ADHD excluding stimulants (like amphetamines, SNRIs, NRIs, or NDRIs)?1) Describe what happens in your nervous system when you touch a hot frying pan. 2) Contrast the functions of the autonomic and somatosensory nervous systems. 3) Contrast schizophrenia with major depression in two (2) ways. 4) Contrast Alzheimer's Disease with Parkinson's Disease in two (2) ways. 5) Someone has a missing or broken corpus callosum. What behaviors would you expect from that person? Why? 6) Why do we need electrical synapses? 7) Can the central nervous system make new cells? Where and why?Is schizophrenia a mismatch disease of the industrial revolution? Why or why not? A one sentence answer is fine.