Note: The notation from this problem is from Understanding Cryptography by Paar and Pelzl.We conduct a known-plaintext attack against an LFSR. Through trial and error we have determined that the number ofstates is m =4.The plaintext given by11000101 — ХоXјX2XҙХ4X5X6X7when encrypted by the LFSR produced the ciphertext10010000Уo У1 У2 Уз Уз У5 У6 Ут .What are the tap bits of the LFSR? Please enter your answer as unspaced binary digits (e.g. 0101 to representP3 = 0, p2 = 1, p1 = 0, po = 1).

Answered: Image /qna-images/answer/96676271-9e71-4d04-818f-fbe6d2348a30.jpg

Answered: Note: The notation from this problem is…

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Suppose that Alice and Bob agree to hash an integer by taking the sum of the digits modulo 1212. Also suppose Alice has a public key with modulus 304891304891 and exponent 7373 and Bob has a private key given by the primes 619619 and 799799 with exponent 2323. Give the ciphertext Bob would send to sign the message 6005460054.
Consider a homophonic cipher in which H(A) = {000, 001, 101, 011} and H(B) = {111, 110, 010, 100}. What is the plaintext that results from the decryption of 110000100011? Answer:
Note: The notation from this problem is from Understanding Cryptography by Paar and Pelzl. Consider the LFSR represented by the polynomial x^4+x^3+x^2+1. What are the tap bits of the LFSR? Please enter your answer as unspaced binary digits (e.g. 010101 to represent p5=0,p4=1,p3=0,p2=1,p1=0,p0=1).
1. Please apply columnar transposition cipher to encrypt the message "a digital computer is a machine that can solve problems for" ignoring the space in between. If the probable word is "network", please give the corresponding ciphertext (no spaces). State the result: Provide Proof: Solution: Proof is as the following, N (3) E(1) T(6) W(7) O(4) R(5) K(2)
ONLY THE TAP BITS. The notation from this problem is from Understanding Cryptography by Paar and Pelzl. We conduct a known-plaintext attack against an LFSR. Through trial and error we have determined that the number of states is m=4m=4.The plaintext given by 01001011=x0x1x2x3x4x5x6x701001011=x0x1x2x3x4x5x6x7 when encrypted by the LFSR produced the ciphertext 11010110=y0y1y2y3y3y5y6y711010110=y0y1y2y3y3y5y6y7. What are the tap bits of the LFSR? Please enter your answer as unspaced binary digits (e.g. 0101 to represent p3=0,p2=1,p1=0,p0=1p3=0,p2=1,p1=0,p0=1).
Suppose a plaintext message x is encrypted using the Caesar cipher b = a +26 10 where each letter of the alphabet is assigned a numerical value (A = 0, B = 1, C = 2, ..., Z = 25), the variable a represents the numerical value of a letter in x, and b represents the numerical value of the corresponding letter in the ciphertext message y. If y = WKDR SC MYYV, then decrypt y to obtain the plaintext message x. Enter the decryption of each letter of y in the boxes below. NOTE: All answers should be capitalized and do not insert extra blank spaces. W → K →→ D→ R→ S→ C → M→ Y → Y → RemakingMIN... V →
Fast and correct solution please.
that the ciphertexts are C = 0xbcc61793955b5eb5 and C2 = 0xdea2c2 fd718d3b77. We also happen to know that M1 A cryptography student has accidentally used the same keystream to encrypt two different messages, M1 and M2. We know Оx805d3а2029c0а386. a) What is M2 in hexadecimal? Please give your answer a leading 0x and use lowercase letters only. b) What is the keystream? Please give your answer a leading Ox and use lowercase letters only. Hint: These are all 8 byte numbers and will fit in an unsigned long type on most systems.
Encrypt the animal name marmot using the letter to number correspondence abc de f 8hijk 1 mnopar stuvw x y 2 e 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 18 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 28 21 22 23 24 25 and the encryption function e :n + (n +1) mod 26 The answer will be a nonsense word (no numbers).
A fast computer is used to break a ciphertext (A) using columnar transposition cipher that needs 150attempts, the speed of processor is 4 MIPS (million instructions per second), and each attempt needs5 instructions. Another computer of speed 3 MIPS is used to break ciphertext (B) using Caesar Cipherthat needs 110 attempts, and each attempt needs 4 instructions for ciphertext (B). Determine whichciphertext will be broken first (consider the worst case, i.e. the last attempt is the successful one),write your answer in details?
To prevent the tapping and use of information on a wireless network which has brought untold mistrust amongst the directors of Okonko Systems, you suggested that every message that is transmitted should go through the following: A systematic two left bit shift; After “a” above, the algorithm f[(6m +2) + k] mode 13 should be applied to the cipher text, where m is the message and k =9 is a key; After “b” above, perform a systematic right bit shift to the new cipher; The message should then be transmitted. If on a trial basis, the message is “genomics” Use the mono – alphabetic letters where a = 0, b = 1, ….z = 25 to find the cipher that would be transmitted
Applications of Cryptography:

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