Chemistry
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957404
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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- A chemical engineer is studying the following reaction: HCH3CO2(aq)+CH3NH2(aq) → CH3CO2(aq) + CH3NH3(aq) At the temperature the engineer picks, the equilibrium constant K for this reaction is 0.54. The engineer charges ("fills") four reaction vessels with acetic acid and methylamine, and lets the reaction begin. She then measures the composition of the mixture inside each vessel from time to time. Her first set of measurements are shown in the table below. Predict the changes in the compositions the engineer should expect next time she measures the compositions. reaction vessel compound concentration expected change in concentration HCH,CO₂ 1.01 M O↑ increase CH3NH2 1.22 M O decrease O↑ increase O decrease O (no change) O (no change) A CH,CO, 0.64 M O↑ increase O decrease O (no change) CH, NH3 1.04 M O ↑ increase O decrease O (no change) HCH CO₂ 0.33 M O↑ increase O decrease O(no change) CHÍNH, 0.50 M O↑ increase O decrease O (no change) B CH,CO, 1.01 M O increase O decrease O (no…arrow_forwardNitrogen monoxide and ozone react to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen, like this: NO(g) + O₂(g) → NO₂(g) + O₂(g) The reaction is exothermic. Suppose a mixture of NO, O3, NO₂ and O₂ has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition The temperature is raised. The pressure of O3 will The temperature is lowered. ? The pressure of NO₂ will ? shift in equilibrium O to the right to the left O (none) O to the right to the left O (none) Xarrow_forwardMethane and water react to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen, like this: CH2(g)+H₂O(g) CO(g)+3H2(g) Suppose a mixture of CH 4, H2O, CO and H2 has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium to the right The pressure of CH4 will ? to the left Some CO is added. The pressure of H2O will ? (none) to the right The pressure of H2O will ? Some CH4 is removed. to the left The pressure of CO will ? (none)arrow_forward
- Sulfur dioxide and oxygen react to form sulfur trioxide, like this: 2SO₂(g) + O₂(g) 2SO3(g) Suppose a mixture of SO2, O2 and SO3 has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation Some SO₂ is added. Some SO3 is removed. change in composition The pressure of O₂ will The pressure of SO3 will The pressure of SO₂ will The pressure of 0₂ will ? ? ? ? ŵ ↑ ↑ î shift in equilibrium X O O to the right to the left (none) to the right to the left (none) Śarrow_forwardPredict the change in the preturbations table below. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left.arrow_forwardHydrogen chloride and oxygen react to form water and chlorine, like this: 4HCl(g) + O2(g) →>> 2H2O(g)+2Cl2(g) Suppose a mixture of HCl, O2, H2O and Cl2 has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium to the right The pressure of HCl will ? Some Cl₂ is added. to the left The pressure of O₂ will ? ○ (none) to the right The pressure of O2 will ? Some HCl is removed. to the left The pressure of H2O will ? O (none)arrow_forward
- Nitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia, like this: N,(g)+3H,(8) - 2NH3 (g) Suppose a mixture of N,, H, and NH, has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium O to the right The pressure of N, will O to the left Some NH; is removed. ? The pressure of H, will O (none) go up. go down. not change. O to the right The pressure of N, will ? Some H, is added. O to the left The pressure of NH; will O (none)arrow_forwardCarbon disulfide and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide, like this: CS₂(g) +30₂(g) CO₂(g) +2SO₂(g) Suppose a mixture of CS2, O2, CO2 and SO₂ has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. perturbation Some O₂ is added. - Some CO₂ is removed. change in composition The pressure of CS₂ will The pressure of CO₂ will The pressure of CS₂ will The pressure of O₂ will ? ? ? ? ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ shift in equilibrium X O OOO to the right to the left (none) to the right to the left O (none)arrow_forwardDaniela A chemical engineer is studying the following reaction: 2 H,S(g)+302(g) → 2 SO2(g)+2H,O(g) At the temperature the engineer picks, the equilibrium constant K for this reaction is 2.0. The engineer charges ("fills") four reaction vessels with hydrogen sulfide and oxygen, and lets the reaction begin. She then measures the composition of the mixture inside each vessel from time to time. Her first set of measurements are shown in the table below. Predict the changes in the compositions the engineer should expect next time she measures the compositions. reaction vessel compound expected change in pressure pressure H, S 1.52 atm O t increase O I decrease O (no change) 0, 8.80 atm O t increase O I decrease O (no change) A so, 9.53 atm O t increase O I decrease O (no change) H,0 5.94 atm O f increase O I decrease O (no change) H, S 0.79 atm O t increase O I decrease O (no change) 6.91 atm Ot increase O l'decrease O (no change) so, 8.61 atm O t increase O I decrease O (no change) H,0…arrow_forward
- Acetylene and oxygen react to form carbon dioxide and water, like this: 2C,H,(g)+50,(g) → 4CO,(g)+2H,0(g) Suppose a mixture of C,H2, O2, CO, and H,O has come to equilibrium in a closed reaction vessel. Predict what change, if any, the perturbations in the table below will cause in the composition of the mixture in the vessel. Also decide whether the equilibrium shifts to the right or left. olo perturbation change in composition shift in equilibrium Ar to the right The pressure of C,H, will v ? to the left Some H,0 is removed. go up. The pressure of O, will (none) go down. not change. to the right The pressure of O, will ? to the left Some C,H, is added. The pressure of CO, will O (none)arrow_forwardNitrogen and hydrogen react to form ammonia, like this: N,(9) + 3 H,(g) → 2 NH3(g) Also, a chemist finds that at a certain temperature the equilibrium mixture of nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia has the following composition: compound concentration at equilibrium N2 1.4M H2 0.81 M NH3 1.9M Calculate the value of the equilibrium constant K, for this reaction. Round your answer to 2 significant digits. K. = 0 ?arrow_forward
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