Newton’s third law of motion states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. What would be an example of this law in action?
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- Strato of Lampsacus, a student of Theophrastus in Aristotle’s Lyceum, made which of the following contradictions of Aristotelian physics (that were later verified by Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton)? falling bodies do not accelerate, and heavier bodies fall at a faster velocity than lighter bodies falling bodies accelerate, but lighter bodies fall at a faster velocity than heavier bodies falling bodies accelerate, but heavy bodies and lighter bodies fall at the same velocity falling bodies accelerate, but heavier bodies fall at a faster velocity than lighter bodies falling bodies do not accelerate, and heavier bodies and lighter bodies fall at the same velocityA passenger sitting in the rear of a bus claims that she was injured as the driver slammed on the brakes, causing a suitcase to come flying towards her from the front of the bus. If you were judging this case, how would you rule and why?To understand Newton's 3rd law, which states that a physical interaction always generates a pair of forces on the two interacting bodies. In Principia, Newton wrote:To every action there is always opposed an equal reaction: or, the mutual actions of two bodies upon each other are always equal, and directed to contrary parts. (translation by Cajori) The phrase after the colon (often omitted from textbooks) makes it clear that this is a statement about the nature of force. The central idea is that physical interactions (e.g., due to gravity, bodies touching, or electric forces) cause forces to arise between pairs of bodies. Each pairwise interaction produces a pair of opposite forces, one acting on each body. In summary, each physical interaction between two bodies generates a pair of forces. Whatever the physical cause of the interaction, the force on body A from body B is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force on body B from body A.Incidentally, Newton states that…
- in the "tablecloth trick," a table is covered in a tablecloth and then set with various dishes and vases and other smooth objects. The person performing the trick then quickly jerks on the table cloth in a single fast motion that whips the tablecloth off the table, but leaves the dishes and other objects still in place on the table. Which of Newton's Laws is most applicable to explain why this trick works?For a certain interval of time, an object is acted on by a constant non-zero force. Which of the following statements is true for this interval of time ? ( select all that apply) the objects velocity changes the object is accelerating the objects velocity can only increase the object is at rest the object is moving with constant veloIf it takes a human cannonball 1.8 s to exit a 1.9 m long cannon and the average net force acting on the performer is 159 N, what is the performer’s mass?
- A car of mass 6000 kg moving at 40 m/s is suddenly brought to a stop when a deer crosses the road. If a braking force of 600,000 N/m is needed to bring the car to a stop, what was the duration of the force?a horse pulled a wagon with a force of 710 N and accelerated it at a rate of 0.47 m/s^2. If the wagon has a mass of 820 kg how much force (from friction, mud etc) is working against the horse to slow the wagon down?A truck collides with a car, and during the collision, the net force on each vehicle is essentially the force exerted by the other. Suppose the mass of the car is 850 kg, the mass of the truck is 2,750 kg, and the magnitude of the truck's acceleration is 14 m/s2. Find the magnitude of the car's acceleration (in m/s2).
- A 1,000 kg car traveling along the highway at 30 m/s slows to 10 m/s in 5.0 s. The magnitude of the average force acting on the car during this time is about * 5 O 1 kN O 2 kN O 3 kN O 4 kN O 5 kNThree forces act on a 5-kg object: F1 = -2.0i + 3.0j N, F2 = 5.0i + 3.5j N, and F3 = 0.5i- 1.0j N. Assuming the object starts at rest at to = 0, write its velocity as a function of time.Concept Question #1: A pitcher throws a fastball to a catcher. Who exerts a larger force on the ball? Explain.