Nearly all renal diseases result in hypertension. In fact, some clinicians have a 'rule' that states "unexplained hypertension is always a result of a problem with the kidneys until proven otherwise". Briefly explain why hypertension occurs in renal disease

Give example of an emerging techniques in evaluation of renal diseases that you may suggest to a patient. And explain why you would you recommend such evaluation technique.

In which of the following conditions is urinary urobilinogen absent? 1) Biliary obstruction 2)  Viral hepititus 3)  Hemolytic anemia 4)  Cirrhosis of the liver no references, just homework

When performing a Cockroft-Gault calculation to estimate GFR, why must renal function be stable for the calculation be valid? Why is the Cockroft-Gault calculation invalid for patients receiving dialysis? Which two labs are required to stage CKD GFR and categorize albumenuria?

a. Using Table 10.1, identify the diseases that result when the filtration membranes within the kidneys become damaged and are unable to restrict or regulate the movement/filtration of larger substances. b. What kinds of disorders cause damage to the filtration membrane? ABNORMAL CONDITION CAUSE COMPONENT Caused by glucose levels in the blood that exceed the renal tubule's ability to reabsorb it. It is a common sign of diabetes mellitus. Glucose Glycosuria or Glucosuria Albumin Albuminuria Caused by damage to the glomerular and resulting in the leakage of large quantities of protein, including albumin, into the filtrate. filtration mer Red blood cells Caused by damage to the glomerular filtration membrane, allowing whole cells from the blood to pass into the filtrate. Hematuria Hemoglobinuria Caused by the hemolysis of red blood cells within the bloodstream, which releases hemoglobin into plasma that crossek the glomerular filtraton membrane during Hemoglobin renal filtration. Diseases…

182. A 42-year-old man with end-stage renal disease undergoes transplantation with a kidney from a cadaveric donor. During the operation, following anastomosis of the renal vessels, the transplanted kidney becomes cyanotic and mottled. The kidney fails to excrete urine and is removed. Which of the following is the primary cause of nonfunction of the transplanted kidney? A) Fibrin thrombi in capillaries B) Interstitial eosinophil Infiltration C) Neutrophilic infiltration of venules D) Organizing thrombus in the renal artery E) T-lymphocyte infiltration of tubules h

To compensate for a change in pH due to hyperventilation which of the following will occur 1.  proximal convoluted tubular cells will decrease H+ secretion and HCO3- reabsorption 2. distal convoluted tubular cells will increase HCO3- reabosorption 3.  intercalated A cells will decrease H+ secretion and HCO3- reabsorption 4. intercalated  B cells will increase H+ secretion and HCO3- reabsorption 5. intercalated A cells will increase HCO3- secretion 6. intercalated B cells will increase HCO3- reabsorption choose from the following: (A) 1, 2, 3, and 6 (B) 2 and 5 (C) 1 and 3 (D) 6 only

Table 3. Serum creatinine values at admission and after 12h   Admission  +12h SCR(mg/dL)  1.55  1.42 Using the “MDRD” (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease) equation for estimating glomerularfiltration, provided below, and the data available in the above table, calculate the patient's (a 34 year old white male) estimated glomerularfiltration rate (eGFR) at admission and 12h after admission.MDRD GFR Equation (mL/min/1.73 m2)= 175 × (Scr)-1.154 × (Age)-0.203 × (0.742 if female) × (1.212 if African American)Based on your calculated values, state whether LF’s function is normal or abnormal?Previous research suggests that patients with asthma have an increased risk for chronic kidneydisease, but the mechanisms underlying this increased risk are poorly understood. Propose one potential mechanism by which asthma might impair kidney function, and discuss how this dysfunction may impair thebody’s ability to respond to respiratory alkalosis

The presence of either protein or glucose in a urinalysis is abnormal, but these two molecules end up in the urine for different reasons. For each of these molecules, briefly describe where in the urine production process (i.e., glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption or tubular secretion) the problem occurs, and why it might happen.

A patient exhibits the following symptoms: elevated urine ammonia and increased rate of respiration. Does the patient have metabolic acidosis or metabolic alkalosis?