Name the 5 processes that can cause evolutionary change.

What is an Analogy? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypes

Which of the following is true about natural selection? a) It always results in the evolution of new traits b) It always results in the strongest individuals surviving c) It always results in the fittest individuals reproducing d) It always results in the best-adapted individuals surviving

Explain why the following statement is incorrect. “Evolution gives species what they need in order to survive”

If two otherwise dissimilar organisms share similar genomic DNA, to what would you attribute the genomic similarity? A)DNA is not a reliable basis for phylogenetic decisions. B)The shared genes have evolved a number of times and have no phylogenetic significance. C)The shared genes are ancient and probably no longer function within the altered physiological states of modern organisms. D)The shared genes developed early in evolution and are likely to be applicable to a wide diversity of organisms. E)The two taxa are more closely related than formerly believed because they may share a common ancestor

Briefly explain what convergent evolution is.

Why is molecular data for phylogenetic inference best analyzed with use of an explicit model of molecular evolution?     A) This is true of morphological data, not molecular data, it is impossible to model changes in molecular sequence data because it is constantly evolving.     B) Because molecular data is known to only experience random changes and is constantly evolving, a chaotic model of evolution can universally be applied to molecular sequence data for phylogenetic analysis.     C) Because molecular data is known to experience non-random changes in terms of the likelihood of different types of mutations -- transitions vs. transversions, at different codon positions, which can be used to infer sequence evolution and relationship.     D) None of the above.