Name several cytokines and describe their role in the immune response.

Q: Explain how certain pathogens can evade the immune response.?

A: An immune response refers to the reaction of the immune system against the entry of a pathogen. The…

Q: Describe the function of B Cells in Humoral (Antibody-Mediated) Immune Response.

A: Immunity is defined as a complex biological mechanism that can recognize and accept what belongs to…

Q: Explain Antibody-Mediated Immune Responses?

A: Some living organisms cannot be visible by the naked eye and only can be seen under the microscope.…

Q: Describe B lymphocytes and antibodies and explain how they function.

A: B LYMPHOCYTES WBC and a type of lymphocyte. Many B cells mature into plasma cells that produce…

Q: Describe the five steps of the cellular immune response.

A: A cellular immune response also called the cell-mediated immune response, T cell plays a central…

Q: Explain functions of B, cytotoxic T, and helper T cells in immune responses?

A: An immune reaction may be a reaction that occurs at intervals in an organism for the aim of…

Q: List the main types of cells and proteins of the immune system?

A: Introduction  Immunity: it is the capability of our body to fight against the diseases. This is done…

Q: Describe how the immune system distinguishes foreign cells from cells deemed as self.

A: Our immune system is capable of protecting our body from foreign agents like germs, bacteria,…

Q: Compare and contrast the adaptive and innate immune responses

A: Any deviation from the normal metabolic functioning in an individual is considered a disease. The…

Q: What type of immune response produces an immediate reaction?

A: An immune system is a defense system that consists of many biological structures and processes…

Q: Contrast the major targets of antibody-mediated responses

A: Humans a well-developed immune system to fight infections. The immunity possessed by humans can be…

Q: What are the three phases of an immune response?

A: An immune response is a process that occurs inside an organism to protect against foreign pathogens.…

Q: Explain why most immune reactions result in a polyclonal collection of antibodies.

A: Polyclonal antibodies are synthesized by injecting an immunogen into an animal (mouse) and the…

Q: Describe the role of macrophages in activating the specific immune response to antigens.

A: Macrophages can be defined as the type of special cells which is part of the innate immune system.…

Q: Discuss the cells of the immune system, how they function, and their relationship with the lymphatic…

A: Cells of the immune system are responsible for cellular immunity. These cells perform specific…

Q: Explain the relationship between antigens and immunity.

A: Introduction  Immunity: it is the capability of our body to fight against the diseases. This is done…

Q: An individual is infected with a particular pathogen that he had before. This results in the…

A: Immunity is a complicated biological system with the ability to recognize and accept what belongs to…

Q: shortly say how is cell mediated immunity different than complement proteins?

A: Humans have a well-developed immune system to fight the harmful bacteria, viruses, or toxins…

Q: Distinguish between antigens and antibodies and explain the  structure of an antibody molecules

A: The immune system functions to protect the body from foreign bodies. There are two types of the…

Q: Compare and contrast the mechanisms of the innate and adaptive immune systems, using diagrams to…

A: The innate and acquired immunity are not two individual pathways but function in a highly…

Q: Describe how the innate and acquired immune systems work as a unit to protect the body against…

A: Introduction: The immune system is a complex cell/tissue network that protects our body from any…

Q: Outline the overall phases in a specific immune response.

A: The immune system has a vital role in protecting the body from outside pathogens (bacteria,viruses,…

Q: Explain how two major types of lymphocytes are formed and activated, and how they function in immune…

A: The two primary types of lymphocytes are B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes or B cells and T cells.…

Q: Describe the role of non- specific macrophages and explain the structure of an antibody molecule.

A: The immune system of the body protects the organisms from the harmful pathogen. Pathogens are the…

Q: Name the major components of the innate immune response and describe how each of them combats…

A: Innate immunity is present since birth. Innate immunity is non-specific and lacks memory.

Q: What is called humoral immune response?

A: Immunity is the capability of an organism to defend and get rid of the harmful effects of pathogens…

Q: Define immune escape

A: an antigen is a molecule or molecular structure or any foreign particulate matter or a pollen grain…

Q: Compare the structure and roles of the lymph node and the spleen in the immune system.

A:

Q: Explain how the adaptive and innate immune systems work together to generate an effective immune…

A:

Q: Explain what the Immune system does for the body.

A: Immune system of the body is the specialized and one of the most crucial systems in the body that…

Q: In an immune response, what is the main function of the circulatory system? *

A: The main role of circulatory system in immune response is to help in increased blood flow to…

Q: Define antigen and antibody

A: The immune system is a coordinated network of a variety of immune cells, which on exposure to an…

Q: List the types of cells mediating immune system

A: Immune system is aimed at making an organism immune of the pathogens which can virus, bacteria,…

Q: An individual is infected with a particular pathogen that he had before. This results in the…

A: Immune response is meant by the response body shows when any pathogen or offending agent invades  or…

Q: Describe the normal immune response.

A: Human body have their own system to protect themselves from harmful bacteria, Viruses which are…

Q: Describe how helper T-lymphocytes play a pivotal role in a healthy, normally functioning immune…

A: Introduction: Immunity is referred to as the host's resistance against any foreign antigen,…

Q: List the factors which are responsible for a healthy functioning immune system.

A: Introduction: The lymphoreticular system is responsible for immune response, and it comprises…

Q: List the types of leukocytes of the immune system, and describe where they may be found.

A: Introduction  The human body is consisting of around 37 trillion cells in total however a large…

Q: List the components of the immune system and thepurpose of each.

A: Immune system is a biological network of the cell, tissue and organ. It help the body in fighting…

Q: Elaborate by diagrammatic representation the various types of Immunity?

A: Immunity is defined as the act of protection from diseases which occurs due to response of cell…