mutations in adenylate kinase have led to a hyperactive enzyme that ultimately ends up elevating adp levels in a cell. calculate Ec given the following atypical adenylate concentrations for the cell containing atp: .o5 mM adp 12.2mM and amp 80micromole

Q: How many ATPs are there in this triglyceride? Showing NADH and FADH2 calculations and steps

A: Triglycerides broken down into glycerol and three fatty acids containing  12, 16 and 14 carbon atom…

Q: Assume that an enzyme-catalyzed reaction follows the scheme shown: E + S ES E + P k₁ = 1 x 10%/M-s…

A: Michaelis Menten postulated that free enzyme reacts with the substrate reversibly to form an…

Q: The Michaelis-Menten equation models the hyperbolic relationship between [S] and the initial…

A: Enzymes are protein molecules that increase the rate of reaction by decreasing the activation…

Q: The Eo values for the NAD/NADH and Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate/1,3- Bisphosphoglycerate conjugate…

A: Reduction potential is the potential difference that creates between two species which are reduced…

Q: How would uncontrolled diabetes mellitus affect urinary SG?

A: Answer: DIABETES MELLITUS = It is the chronic disease in which pancrease secreting insulin does not…

Q: a. Use the values in Problem 23.31 to calculate the energy change in the following reaction.…

A: Carbohydrates are broken down into monosaccharides such as glucose or fructose, which enter…

Q: Account for the number of ATPs produced when other monosaccharides like galactose, fructose, and…

A: In most organism hexoses other than glucose can undergo glycolysis after conversion to a…

Q: Which statement is false for transition-state analog enzyme inhibitors? They fit the active site…

A: Transition state analogues are used as enzyme inhibitors. They bind competitively to the active site…

Q: Incubating 10µl of an LDH sample for 5 min in the presence of 60mM of lactate and 100mM NAD+…

A: Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity can be figured using a spectrophotometric assay. The reaction…

Q: Human blood serum contains a class of enzymes known as acid phosphatases, which hydrolyze biological…

A: Enzymes are specialized proteins that catalyze all the biochemical reactions in living systems. The…

Q: change for formation of an ES complex if the KD for this enzyme/ligand pair is 0.28µM? Give your…

A: The free energy change (ΔG) for the formation of an ES complex can be calculated using the…

Q: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (SPP) has recently been discovered to be important for cell survival. The…

A: For a one-substrate enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the Michaelis-Menton equation shows the quantitative…

Q: Why the Ezyme activity deacreses when the MgCl2 concentration increases to 4mM onwards? Discuss

A: Enzymes are usually consist of protein molecules (composed of amino acids polymers). Active site of…

Q: In an enzyme kinetics study, three inhibitors resulted to the following results: Inhibitor ABC…

A: The rate of a enzyme catalyzed reaction increases with temperature until a point and once the…

Q: Consider the coupled reactions: 1,3-BPG → 3-PG + Pi     ΔG°'= -16.3 kcalmolkcalmol ATP → ADP + Pi…

A: Coupling of a non-spontaneous reaction with a highly spontaneous reaction reaction , can make the…

Q: If, in addition to the constraints on glucose concentration listed previously, we have in the liver…

A: To determine the theoretical concentration of glucose-6-phosphate at equilibrium in a liver cell…

Q: Based on the definition of kcat, substitute a value that can be measured and yet still represents…

A: since this is a multipart question, so I will be answering the first question only, kindly post the…

Q: How much free energy will be released during ATP hydrolysis of ATP in this condition? Please write…

A: The following equation relate standard-state free energy of a reaction with the free energy: ∆G…

Q: Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose6-phosphate, 1.0 mM;…

A: The process of glycolysis runs in the muscle cells, in which fructose-6 phosphate (F6P) is converted…

Q: A phosphatase, acting on glycerophosphate, is capable of releasing inorganic phosphate with the…

A: The give data of substrate concentration (Glycerophosphate) is in mM. The data of released phosphate…

Q: name and explain the model that most likely accounts for cooperativity in enzymeNADH Also indicate…

A: Co-operativity is a phenomenon that is exhibited by enzymes or receptors. The enzymes/receptors are…

Q: In muscle cells, the AG for glucose+ATP = glucose– 6–P+ADP is –33.5 kJ·mol-1. In contrast, the AG…

A: During glycolysis, Glucose is converted into Pyruvate. The first step of glycolysis is the…

Q: Calculate delta G of glucose transport into the cell if the concentration of clugoce is 1mM inside…

A: Delta G = - 2.303RTlog (X)in/(X)out Where, X is concentration of glucose Unit of R is J/mol K 1…

Q: Briefly explain Boyer’s binding change mechanism for the ATP synthase.

A: ATP synthase is an enzyme present in the inner mitochondrial membrane which catalyzes the reversible…

Q: calculate the reaction velocity at saturating substrate concentrations. Your numerical answer is…

A: Enzymes are protein molecules that increase the rate of reaction by decreasing the activation…

Q: Given the following information about an enzymatic reaction, calculate the initial velocity. Your…

A: The Michaelis–Menten kinetics of an enzymatic reaction shows the relation between the substrate…

Q: Calculate ΔG° and K at 25°C for the following reaction.

A: Given, ∆G° of hydrolysis of ATP = -30 kJ/molKnown, ∆G° for conversion of glutamic acid to glutamine…

Q: The drug troglitazone was used to treat diabetes but was withdrawn from the market when patients who…

A: Parameters such as Km and Vmax are used for comparing enzyme activities. If we know the initial rate…

Q: ou know that the free energy of ATP hydrolysis depends on the ATP/ADP ratio.  Given that under…

A: ATP is the energy currency of the cell.

Q: Standard redox potentials E' for some common compounds in biochemistry: Eo' (Volt) + 0,81 12 O2 + 2…

A: If the Gibbs free is negative for  a reaction then the process is said to be spontaneous. A positive…

Q: Calculate the new Km of the above lactase reaction, with inhibitor X. (inhibitor X changes lactase…

A: The inhibitor X causes a change in the lactase enzyme activity. A two-fold increase in the substrate…

Q: The interconverison of DHAP and GAP greatly favors the formation of DHAP at equilibirum. Yet the…

A: Enzymes are proteins that work as biological catalysts. Enzymes act on the molecules called…

Q: Net ATP yield for complete oxidation of 1 mol of galactose to CO2 and H2O (using both…

A: Here is the number of ATP produced by oxidation of Galactose:  ATP produced by  Malate-Aspartate…

Q: Calculate glucose concentration. Na (sodium) and glucose secondary active transport. Na transport…

A: Gibbs free energy: The change in free energy for a process equals the maximum work that can be done…

Q: Calculate the number of ATPS produced from the complete oxidation of 1 mol of a 9:0 fatty acid in…

A: 1 Mol of 9:0 Fatty acid undergoes beta oxidation to yield the energy when body faces energy crisis.…

Q: What type of inhibition is being shown in the following graphs?

A: Enzyme inhibition is a phenomenon in which a molecule which may or may not be of same functional…

Q: Many bacterial cells contain an ATP dependent H* transporter that pushes H* out of the cells. The…

A: Introduction: The correct choice is -12.4 kJ/mol.

Q: Q is an analog of substrate A that binds to enzyme X and produces the following kinetics: [A] V0…

A: The mathematical equation for Lineweaver-Burk plot: 1V=KmVmax[S]+1Vmax

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.