Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (7th Edition)
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133594140
Author: James Kurose, Keith Ross
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question

Modify the Extended_Add procedure add two 256-bit (32-byte) integers.

### Assembly Code Explanation

This assembly code snippet demonstrates a sequence of operations manipulating bytes and flags, often used for arithmetic operations and flag management.

#### Data Section:
- **val1 BYTE '8'**: Stores the ASCII character '8'.
- **val2 BYTE '9'**: Stores the ASCII character '9'.

#### Code Section:
1. **mov ah,0**: Initializes the `AH` register to 0.
   - *Comment: `AX` = 0038h*

2. **mov al,val1**: Loads the ASCII value of '8' into the `AL` register.
   - *Comment: Not explicitly listed but affects subsequent operations.*

3. **sub al,val2**: Subtracts the ASCII value of '9' from `AL`.
   - *Comment: `AX` = 00FFh*

4. **aas**: ASCII adjust AL after subtraction; corrects the result in `AL` for BCD operations.
   - *Comment: `AX` = FF09h*

5. **pushf**: Pushes the current state of the flags register onto the stack.
   - *Comment: Save the Carry flag*

6. **or al,30h**: Performs a bitwise OR operation on `AL` with the hexadecimal value 30h.
   - *Comment: `AX` = FF39h*

7. **popf**: Restores the flags register from the stack.
   - *Comment: Restore the Carry flag*

This code snippet demonstrates basic ASCII arithmetic, binary-coded decimal (BCD) adjustment, and flag manipulation, which are foundational concepts in assembly language programming. Understanding these operations is crucial for controlling low-level machine behavior, especially in contexts requiring direct hardware interaction or performance optimizations.
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Transcribed Image Text:### Assembly Code Explanation This assembly code snippet demonstrates a sequence of operations manipulating bytes and flags, often used for arithmetic operations and flag management. #### Data Section: - **val1 BYTE '8'**: Stores the ASCII character '8'. - **val2 BYTE '9'**: Stores the ASCII character '9'. #### Code Section: 1. **mov ah,0**: Initializes the `AH` register to 0. - *Comment: `AX` = 0038h* 2. **mov al,val1**: Loads the ASCII value of '8' into the `AL` register. - *Comment: Not explicitly listed but affects subsequent operations.* 3. **sub al,val2**: Subtracts the ASCII value of '9' from `AL`. - *Comment: `AX` = 00FFh* 4. **aas**: ASCII adjust AL after subtraction; corrects the result in `AL` for BCD operations. - *Comment: `AX` = FF09h* 5. **pushf**: Pushes the current state of the flags register onto the stack. - *Comment: Save the Carry flag* 6. **or al,30h**: Performs a bitwise OR operation on `AL` with the hexadecimal value 30h. - *Comment: `AX` = FF39h* 7. **popf**: Restores the flags register from the stack. - *Comment: Restore the Carry flag* This code snippet demonstrates basic ASCII arithmetic, binary-coded decimal (BCD) adjustment, and flag manipulation, which are foundational concepts in assembly language programming. Understanding these operations is crucial for controlling low-level machine behavior, especially in contexts requiring direct hardware interaction or performance optimizations.
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