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A: 1. Rd = 100 - 5(4) = 100 - 20 = 80 2. Rd = 120 - 5(4) = 120 - 20 = 100
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Q1) Why does the Federal Reserve rely on Open Market Operations the most to influence the money supply? ( Max 200 words)
Q2) Why would the Federal Reserve rarely change the
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- One effect of the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks was to temporarily prevent banks from accessing reserves they needed to meet the demands of their customers. (This occurred because the attacks destroyed many records as well as the computers required to access backup records, and it took affected banks several weeks to become fully operational.) In response, the Fed made many billions of dollars of reserves available to banks, gradually withdrawing the new reserves from the banking system as that system returned to normal. Suppose the Fed had not injected reserves in this way. What would likely have happened to interest rates as a result? What would have been the likely impact on the stock market and on spending by consumers and businesses? Would the unemployment rate have gone up or down? Explain your reasoning in each case.Assume that banks do not hold excess reserves and that households do not hold currency, so the only form of money is demand deposits. To simplify the analysis, suppose the banking system has total reserves of $100. Determine the money multiplier and the money supply for each reserve requirement listed in the following table. Reserve Requirement Simple Money Multiplier Money Supply (Percent) (Dollars) 25 10 A lower reserve requirement is associated with a money supply. Suppose the Federal Reserve wants to increase the money supply by $100. Again, you can assume that banks do not hold excess reserves and that households do not hold currency. If the reserve requirement is 10%, the Fed will use open-market operations to worth of U.S. government bonds. Now, suppose that, rather than immediately lending out all excess reserves, banks begin holding some excess reserves due to uncertain economic conditions.…When banks hold excess reserves: a) the reserve ratio should be lowered. b) the money multiplier underestimates how much money will be created in the economy. c) the reserve ratio should be raised. d) It may cause the money multiplier to overestimate how much money will be created in the economy.
- The Federal Reserve and the money supply Suppose the money supply (as measured by checkable deposits) is currently $300 billion. The required reserve ratio is 25%. Banks hold $75 billion in reserves, so there are no excess reserves. The Federal Reserve (“the Fed”) wants to decrease the money supply by $32 billion, to $268 billion. It could do this through open-market operations or by changing the required reserve ratio. Assume for this question that you can use the simple money multiplier. If the Fed wants to decrease the money supply using open-market operations, it should ______(buy/sell) $_________ billion worth of U.S. government bonds. If the Fed wants to decrease the money supply by adjusting the required reserve ratio, it should ______(increase/decrease) the required reserve ratio. THis is one question . please answer with an explanation.1) Why does the Federal Reserve rely on Open Market Operations the most to influence the money supply? ( Max 200 words) 2) Why would the Federal Reserve rarely change the Required Reserve Ratio? ( Max 200 words) 3) How do expansionary actions by the Federal Reserve increase the money supply? ( Max 100 words) 4) How do contractionary actions by the Federal Reserve decrease the money supply? ( Max 100 words) 5) Can monetary policy fix economic shocks? ( Max 200 words)Suppose the Federal Reserve conducts an open market purchase from a bank for $300 million. Assuming the required reserve ratio is 10%, what would be the effect on the money supply in each of the following situations? If there are many banks, all of which make loans for the full amount of their excess reserves, the money supply will increase by $ million. (Enter your response as a whole number.)
- Suppose the reserve ratio is 20% for all banks. If the Fed increases bank reserves by $200, then the money supply will:An economy has a reserve ratio equals to 12%. The society is holding 10% of the deposit in the form of cash. a) If the high-powered money (H) is RM100 billion, how much is the money supply in this economy? b) Say the Central Bank targets the money supply is RM650 billion. How much the high-powered money (H) in question a) above should change to achieve this target? *Prioritize question b28) If the required reserve ratio is 10% and the Federal Reserve purchases $50 million in treasury bonds on the open market, how could the money supply be impacted? a) Increase by a maximum amount of $500 million b) Increase by a maximum amount of $50 million c) Decrease by a maximum amount of $500 million d) Decrease by a maximum amount of $50 million 29) What is the most likely outcome of expansionary monetary policy? a) A decrease in the quantity of money, higher interest rates, and increased aggregate demand. b) An increase in the quantity of money, higher interest rates, and increased aggregate demand. c) A decrease in the quantity of money, lower interest rates, and decreased aggregate demand.. d) An increase in the quantity of money, lower interest rates, and increased aggregate demand.
- Assume that banks do not hold excess reserves and that households do not hold currency, so the only form of money is demand deposits. To simplify the analysis, suppose the banking system has total reserves of $200. Determine the money multiplier and the money supply for each reserve requirement listed in the following table. Reserve Requirement Simple Money Multiplier Money Supply (Percent) (Dollars) 25 10Suppose the balance sheet of Bigfoot Bank of America is shown below: Assets Liabilities Reserves $100 Deposits $5000 Loans $4900 a) The Reserve Requirement Ratio (RRR) is 0.04 or 4%. What is the Money Multiplier? b) Suppose that Skitch brings in a deposit of $300. What will be the new Deposits, Reserves and Loans amounts immediately after this deposit? Does the bank have any Excess Reserves at this point? How much? Show your work. Deposits = Reserves Loans Excess Reserves = c) What will be the Deposits, Reserves and Loans amounts after the entire money creation process has been completed. Show your work. Deposits = Reserves = Loans =Scenario: Money Supply Changes II Lucia withdraws $8,000 from her chequing account to pay tuition this semester. Assume that the reserve requirement is 20% and that banks do not hold excess reserves. As a result of the withdrawal, excess reserves. by a) increase; $8,000 b) decrease; $6,400 c) decrease; $1,600 d) decrease; $8,000
