Mc2  Write an algorithm to determine whether an undirected graph of |V| vertices contains a cycle. Your algorithm should run in Θ(|V|) time.

9:17 Today Edit 9:17 AM Given a directed graph G=(V, E), design an algorithm to find out whether there is a route between two nodes, say, u and v. Your design should be based on depth first search and should be given in pseudo code.

max edge distance Simplification key Figure 4-1: A sample process for the Douglas-Peucker algorithm The Douglas-Peucker algorithm is for the selection of representative points to simplify a curve composed of line segments. It uses a point-to-edge distance tolerance. The algorithm starts with a crude simplification that is the single edge joining the first and last vertices of the original polyline. It then computes the perpendicular distance of all intermediate vertices to that edge. The vertex that is furthest away from that edge, and that has a computed distance that is larger than a specified tolerance, will be marked as a key and added to the simplification. This process will recurse for each edge in the current simplification until all vertices of the original polyline are within tolerance of the simplification results. This process is illustrated in Figure 4-1. (1) Given three points (xp, Yp), (Xa, Ya), (Xp,Yb), show a detailed process to compute the perpendicular distance from p…

*Discrete Math In the graph above, let ε = {2, 3}, Let G−ε be the graph that is obtained from G by deleting the edge {2,3}. Let G∗ be the graph that is obtain from G − ε by merging 2 and 3 into a single vertex w. (As in the notes, v is adjacent to w in the new if and only if either {2,v} or {3,v is an edge of G.) (a)  Draw G − ε and calculate its chromatic polynomial. (b)  Give an example of a vertex coloring that is proper for G − ε, but not for G. (c)  Explain, in own words, why no coloring can be proper for G but not proper for G − ε. (d)  Draw G∗ and calculate its chromatic polynomial. (e)  Verify that, for this example,PG(k) = PG−ε(k) − PG∗ (k).