Concept explainers
QUESTION 16
-
Match the definitions and key words with the group name (programmed or stochastic). From the drop down boxes, choose the correct letter (A -- Programmed or B -- Stochastic).
Celluar Aging: suggesting that the lifespan of a species is determined by an internal cellular "clock" that limits the number of cell divisions.
Immune System: suggesting that aging is due to a break-down in the body's natural defense system against bacteria, viruses, and other substances.
Error Theory: suggesting that errors at the cellular level produce "faulty" molecules.
Evolutionary theory: suggesting that aging is a natural way to limit the reproductive potential and timespan of members of a species.
Wear and Tear: suggesting that like a battery or a machine, the human body has a limited amount of energy and will eventually break down when drained.
Build-up of Damaging Substances: suggesting that the accumulation of "waste products" in cells can damage important substances (like collagen) and disrupt normal physiological processes.
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Step by stepSolved in 3 steps
- Discuss the relationship between protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and cancer. ( no intro and please make it short 4-5 sentence) if possiblearrow_forwardOver time, cancer cells are known to produce weakly antigenic variants of cell surface proteins. This will result in ----. protection of cells from the immune system increase in cancer cell death by the immune system Neither A nor B. It will make no difference. Therapeutic antibodies used in the treatment of cancer are targeted at proteins located On the cell surface of cancer cells. On the cell surface of normal cells. In the nucleus of cancer cells. In the cytoplasm of cancer cells. C and D.arrow_forwardexpand this into 1000 words for a conclusion of a report. context is that the title is Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Breast Cancer Using RNA-Seq. Also STATE THAT THE RESULT SUPPORT THE HYPOTHESIS. "In conclusion, the RNA-Seq analysis has identified several genes that are differentially expressed in breast cancer. These genes may play important roles in the development and progression of breast cancer and could potentially serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. The comparison underscores the complex interplay between TONSL expression and gene regulation, highlighting distinct gene expression profiles in primary cells versus TONSL-overexpressing cells. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulatory roles of TONSL and its potential implications for cellular physiology and disease mechanisms. Understanding the differences in gene expression dynamics between primary cells and TONSL-overexpressing cells is crucial for elucidating the molecular…arrow_forward
- Choose all of the TRUE statements. Hint: 4 statements are true. Cytokinesis occurs the same way in both plant and animal cells. Sister chromatids are genetically identical. The term chromosome can be used to describe both chromosomes composed of one and two chromatids. Mitosis results in daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell. All eukaryotic somatic cells are diploid. Cyclin dependent kinases are present but not active in cell cycle regulation without the presence of cyclin proteins. Chromosomes are always visible in the cell.arrow_forwardif you encounter an unknown disease in humans and would like to understand the genetic mechanism for this disease so that an effective and targetted treatment approach can be developed , what will be the best strategy or steps to accomplish the goal? NB :answer in at most 4 sentences.arrow_forwardWhat term is used for assigning a clinical value to a malignant tumor's degree of anaplasiaarrow_forward
- Lord Voldemort seeks immortality to rule over the wizarding and muggle world forever. As his loyal servant, you point out to him that in his quest for horcruxes, he has forgotten about the importance of avoiding cancer as he ages. Specifically, which of the following magical spells should he learn to use? A spell that… decreases DNA repair accuracy during mitosis makes him smaller (e.g., fewer total cells) Increase the rate of mitosis increases his number of copies of p53 all of the above none of the abovearrow_forwardIdentify the cell indicated by the arrowarrow_forward1st answer choices: yes, no 2: yes, no 3:increase, decrease 4: a lot of mRNA or very little mRNA 5: less mRNA, more mRNA, or the same amount of mRNAarrow_forward
- What is the difference between a primary and continuous mammalian cell line? Question 5 options: Primary cell lines can be maintained indefinitely unlike continuous cell lines Primary cell lines are cancerous and continuous cell lines are not Continuous cell lines can be maintained indefinitely whilst primary cell lines last up to 100 generations None of thesearrow_forwardExplain the following figure. According to this model, what are the two major phases of metastasis that must be successful for metastasis? What are the challenges faced by cancer cells during metastatizing?arrow_forwardthe task is to use this image to write a results section of a report about: Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Breast Cancer Using RNA-Seq. 1000 words would be bestarrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education