Match the terms with their definitions. 1. The theory that states that the conditions found in nature result in the selective survival and reproduction of individuals whose characteristics make them better adapted to their environment. (Click to select) 2. The relative likelihood that one genotype will contribute to the gene pool of the next generation compared with other genotypes. Darwinian fitness 3. A type of natural selection that favors individuals at one extreme of a phenotypic distribution that are more likely to survive and reproduce in a particular environment. (Click to select) 4. Extreme phenotypes are selected against and those that have an intermediate phenotype have the highest fitness value. Balancing selection v 5. Favors the survival or two or more groups that have different phenotypes. (Click to select) 6. Selection that favors two or more alleles in a more homogeneous environment. (Click to select) ces

46. Natural selection operates through   differential resource use and differential status.   differential survival and differential reproduction.   differential survivorship and differential mortality.   differential reproduction and differential fertility.   differential resource use and differential reproduction.

Match Column A with Column B. The ultimate source of new alleles A. Mutation this force is causing a small percentage to the evolution process B. Natural selection most are lost due to chance or to detrimental effects on C. Genetic drift phenotype D. migration |In its absence, allele frequencies in different subpopulations will diverge Source of new alleles entering local population from other subpopulations v The movement of organisms among subpopulations - v Genotypes best suited to survive and reproduce in a particular environment of the offspring | The genotypes that promote survival are favored and contribute disproportionately to the offspring of the next generation known as evolutionary adaptation | The random, undirected changes in allele frequencies, especially in small populations.

1.  What is the function of melanin in humans? What is the function of melanin in other species? 2.  According to the film, why is there a lack of diversity in the MC1R allele among African populations?  3.  According to the film, why was dark skin selected for regions close to the equator?  4.  Describe the selective pressure favoring light skin in regions far from the equator.  5.  Which human populations living in which environments are most at risk for rickets today and why?

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24. In a toad population, green toads produce 4 offspring over their lifetime, brown toads produce 2.5 offspring, and gray toads produce 6 offspring. What are the relative fitnesses of these phenotypes (in the order green, brown, gray)? Group of answer choices 1, 0.42, 0.67 0.33, 1, 0.67 0.67, 0.42, 1 0.67, 0.33, 1 1, 0.33, 0.67