Log Reduction 1000000000 100000000 10000000 1000000 100000 10000 1000 100 10 1 Time (minutes) 1. Use the above graph to determine an approximate D80 for E. coli in apple juice. B 2 min C 3 min D4 min A 1 min Need more information
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- Ahmad has prepared a seed culture containing recombinant Escherichia coli for the production of lipase enzyme. The seed culture was incubated for 18 hours before inoculating 5% of the seed culture into 2L of production media. a. Predict the consequences if the seed culture has been contaminated. b. Discuss whether the seed culture is meeting the criteria as inoculum or not. asap please.III. Go to the NCBI home page. Answer the following questions using the keyword "Helicobacter pylori" to query the "genome" databases and link to "Genbank ". And illustrate how to get this result on the Internet. 1. What is the accession number of the reference sequence (refseq) of Helicobacter pylori genome? 2. What is the size of Helicobacter pylori genome? 3. What is the GC content of Helicobacter pylori genome? 4. How many genes contented in Helicobacter pylori genome? 5. How many proteins coded by Helicobacter pylori? 6. Describe the ORGANISM of Helicobacter pylori.8. A. Use Excel (or another graphing program) to draw the growth curve, In (X/X.) vs time, for bacteria grown in a 20 L suspension cell culture, given the following data: - initial concentration: 0.120 gdw cells/L Also report: - lag time: 1.5 hours - mass doubling time during exponential growth: 250 minutes - duration of exponential growth phase: 1 day (24 hours) - negligible time in the deceleration phase - 13 hours in the endogenous metabolism phase with no change in cell concentration - cell death rate with k = 0.0178 min -¹. B. What is the specific growth rate, µ? C. What is the maximum concentration of cells in the reactor? (gdw cells/L) and when does this occur? D. Other than time zero or the end of lag phase, at what time is the concentration of living cells in the reactor equal to the initial concentration of 0.120 gdw/L?
- The zone of inhibition measurement for S. aureus with an antibiotic disc of erythromycin is 10. Looking at the chart below, would you say the bacteria is resistant, intermediate, or sensitive/susceptible to the antibiotic? Resistant Intermediate Susceptible Penicillin G (10ug) S28 229 Oxacillin (1ug) S10 11 -12 213 Erythromycin(15ug) S13 14-22 223 Gentamycin (10 ug) S12 13 -14 215 Tobramycin(10 ug) <12 13 -14 215 O Intermediate Resistant O Sensitive/SusceptibleUse the following information to answer the next question. Human genes were integrated into the chromosomes of pig sperm using the procedure of sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT). In the first successful SMGT procedure, scientists used an enzyme to integrate three human genes into the chromosomes of pig sperm. Approximately 90% of the resulting pig embryos carried all three human genes in very cell. The presence of the human genes in every cell of a pig embryo is evidence that the genes went through Select one: a. mRNA transcription b. DNA replication c. mRNA translation d. DNA transcriptiont /g = (Log Nt – Log N0) /0.301 I introduce a loopful of Escherichia coli cells (say, 1000) into 10 mL of Nutrient Broth at 8 p.m. the night before your lab. The cells were taken from a culture plate (Nutrient Agar) held at 37°C, and inoculated into broth at the same temperature. They were held at 37°C overnight in a shaking water bath. At what time would the culture reach the Stationary Phase? Recall that doubling time under optimal conditions (these are) is 20 minutes. A growing bacterial culture has 10,000 CFU/mL at noon and 10,000,000 CFU/mL at 6 p.m. What is the generation time under these conditions? What are your assumptions? At midnight you inoculate 10 mL of a culture of Enterococcus with 103 cells/mL into 990 mL of the same medium, held under the same conditions as the original culture. At what time would the culture reach 107 cells/mL? Assume exponential growth over the period. Assume that g=half an hour. Note: We worked a different variant of this problem in…
- a. What is the total dilution of Tube #4? Express the answer in exponential format. b. You plated 1 mL of the Tube #4, After incubating, you counted 500 colonies on the plate. What is the concentration of Tube #0? include units. c. How could you change the experiment in part B to get a plate in the countable range? Be specific about any dilution factors and/or plated volumes you would change.Discuss and explain the results of this graph. Graph shows results of WST-1 assay. T0 ( time zero) shows assay performed in order to obtain an absorbance at the time of test agent added in order to determine 1. how much cells have grown over the incubation period 2. Growth inhibition by test agent 3. If test agent caused cytotoxicityA researcher analyzes unpasteurized apple juice suspecting E. coli contamination of the juice. He/she plates out 0.1 mL of a 10-2 dilution of juice on each plate and grows up the plates. He/she then counts colonies on each plate. Plate 1 – 242 colonies Plate 2 – 237 colonies Plate 3 – 249 colonies a. Calculate the CFU/mL for this juice. Show formula used and include units. b. If acceptable levels of E. coli in juice were 0.02 CFU/ml juice, would this juice be acceptable for human consumption? Why or why not?
- An elderly man with influenza acquires a case of pneumonia. Gram-positive cocci isolated from his sputum give beta-hemolysis on blood agar. The infection is very difficult to treat. Later, it is shown that the man shared the room with a patient with bone infection. Isolates from both infections were the same. a. Describe 2 biochemical tests that can be used for the definitive diagnosis. b. Describe 2 virulence factors of this pathogen and implicate them in diseases.Match the following experimental methods with their specialty procedures and objectives. autoradiography use of green fluorescent protein (GFP) fractional centrifugation use of genetic mutants A. silencing genes means inhibition of the expression of a protein B. fluorescing GFP protein is fused with a protein tracked in the cell C. biochemical processes are visualized using radiolabeled materials D. tissue samples homogenized at varying centrifugal force leads to isolation of desired cellular fraction12:28 TABLE 1 Disk Symbol A B Today 10:42 AM INTERPRETING INHIBITION ZONES OF TEST CULTURES CHEMICAL METHODS OF CONTROL: ANTIMICROBIAL DRUGS Antimicrobial Agent Ampicillin when testing gram-negative bacteria Ampicillin when testing gram-positive bacteria Chloramphenicol Ceftazidime Carbenicillin Carbenicillin when testing Pseudomonas Cephalothin Ciprofloxacin Erythromycin Cefoxitin Sulfisoxazole Bunnsoxazo Gentamicin Conca companion Imipenem Penicillin when testing staphylococci Penicillin when testing other bacteria Polymyxin Rifampin Streptomycin Trimethoprim- Sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) Tetracycline Vancomycin when testing Staphylococcus spp. Vancomycin when testing enterococci PROCEDURE Second Period 1. Measure the zones of inhibition in millimeters, using a ruler on the underside of the plate (see Figure 3b). If the diameter is difficult to measure, measure the radius from the center of the disk to the edge of the zone. Multiply the radius by 2 to get the diameter of the zone. Disk…
