List the series of events at the membrane that generate an action potential, including the contributions of chemically gated and voltage-gated ion channels?
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List the series of events at the membrane that generate an action potential, including the contributions of chemically gated and voltage-gated ion channels?
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- Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)Define an action potential.Assume presynaptic excitatory neuron A terminates on a postsynaptic cell near the axon hillock and presynaptic excitatory neuron B terminates on the same postsynaptic cell on a dendrite located on the side of the cell body opposite the axon hillock. Explain why rapid firing of presynaptic neuron A could bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold through temporal summation, thus initiating an action potential, whereas firing of presynaptic neuron B at the same frequency and the same magnitude of EPSPs may not bring the postsynaptic neuron to threshold.
- List three ways in which action potentials can be initiated in neurons?List the two types of voltage-gated channels that playimportant roles in the production of action potentials.Name the three phases of an action potential. Describe for each the underlying molecular basis and the ion involved. Why is the term voltage-gated channel applied to Na+ channels involved in the generation of an action potential?
- Match each type of membrane potential (resting, threshold, graded, or action) to its definition: a) The membrane potential at which voltage gated sodium channels open. b) The membrane potential that triggers the action potential. c) Change in membrane potential that may or may not reach threshold and that may be depolarizing or hyperpolarizing. d) Rapid, strong depolarization followed by immediate repolarization. This potential is self-renewing if the right ion channels are nearby.What is the difference between a resting membranepotential and an action potential?Describe the events of an action potential in terms of ions and gates or channels beginning with the generation of a local potential through the re-establishment of resting membrane potential.
- What would occur if voltage - regulated Na+ and k+ gates opened at the same time rather than at different times, during the production of an action potential?Describe the contribution of each of the following to the establishment and maintenance of membrane potential: Part A Na+K+ Pump Passive movement of K+ across the membrane Passive movement of Na+ across the membrane Part B Resting membrane potential is approximately -70mV. Explain what resting membrane potential is and what -70mV refers to.Describe the contribution of each of the following to the establishment and maintenance of membrane potential: Part A Na+K+ Pump Passive movement of K+ across the membrane Passive movement of Na+ across the membrane
