Let’s suppose that a gene affecting pigmentation is found on the Xchromosome (in mammals or insects) or the Z chromosome (inbirds) but not on the Y or W chromosome. It is found on an autosome in bees. This gene exists in two alleles: D (dark) is dominant tod (light). What would be the phenotypic results of crosses betweentrue-breeding dark females and true-breeding light males and of thereciprocal crosses involving true-breeding light females and truebreeding dark males for each of the following species?A. Birds C. BeesB. Fruit flies D. Humans

please thoroughly explain why the asnwer is b

In dogs, the brown fur allele (B) is dominant to the white fur allele (b), and on a different chromosome, the curly fur allele (Q) is dominant to the straight fur allele (q). Quilty has brown and curly fur (BbQq) and she mates with Razor, who has brown and straight fur (Bbqq). Part 1 Fill in the missing parts of the Punnett square for this cross. Razor's gametes are shown on the left, and Quilty's are shown along the top. Bq BQ BBqq Bbqq Brown, curly + bQ Bbqq BbQq BBQq Bq bq bbQq bbqq Part 2 Fill in the phenotypic ratios of the F1 generation from the cross between Quilty (BbQq) and Razor (Bbqq). White, curly: ♦ Brown, straig ✓ 1 2 3 4 White, straight:

In fruit flies, chromosomal crossing over does not occur in meiosis in males, whereas crossing over does occur in meiosis in females. In fruit flies that are heterozygous at many genes (i.e. many maternal and paternal versions of the genes differ), at what stage would cells no longer be heterozygous for any gene during the process of meiosis? a)After the second meiotic division in males, and after the first meiotic division in females. b)After the second meiotic division in both males and females. c)After the first meiotic division in both males and females. d)After the first meiotic division in males, and after the second meiotic division in females.

Suppose you are testing the null hypothesis that the mode of inheritance for a particular disease in elegant cranes is sex-linked recessive. You employ the following crosses, where R is the wild-type allele, r is the disease allele, and Y is Y-chromosome allele (only in males): Parental cross (Affected male with unaffected (carrier) female): rY x Rr. F₁ cross (Unaffected male with affected female): RY x rr. Suppose you perform these crosses at two different research locations. You obtain the following counts in the F2 generation: Location 01 Male, Disease: 200 Male, Wild-type: 225 Female, Disease: 211 Female, Wild-type: 205, Location 02 Male, Disease: 320 Male, Wild-type: 325 Female, Disease: 354 Female, Wild-type: 310 Do you reject or not reject the null hypothesis that the mode of inheritance is sex-linked recessive at each location? The significance level is 0.01. (Hint: when applying the ChiSq goodness of fit test, if the expected value for a row is 0, remove that row and reduce…