lag phase

Q: What is a biological control agent? Briefly describe two examples.

A: Biotechnology is the study of living organisms in order to develop products that can be used by…

Q: What is an example of an experimental approach for determining whether a beef burger contains a food…

A: Beef burgers served rare or undercooked may contain harmful bacteria that could cause food…

Q: You are studying a microorganism that contains a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) enzyme, and…

A: As parent have CAT enzyme means it grows on chloramphenicol containing plate. And we want clone with…

Q: List the four phases of the bacterial growth curve:

A: Microbes in a culture can be grown in order to obtain a large number of cells. Bacterial growth is…

Q: Describe the events that occur with E. coli in each of the following growth conditions: in a medium…

A: E. coli is a bacteria that has about three thousand genes. The bacteria E. coli has a set of three…

Q: What is the best growth medium that contains glucose that can be used to acclimatize bacteria? and…

A: A growth medium is a liquid, solid, or semi-solid preparation that supports the growth of a…

Q: A phenylgalactoside-type compound, which yields galactose when enzymatically cleaved, was added as…

A: An operon is a functional unit of genomic DNA that comprises a collection of genes that are all…

Q: If  a flask is inoculate with 10 E. coli cells. After 6 hours you now have 200,000 cells. determine…

A: Bacteria shows exponential growth curve. The growth of the bacteria can be calculated by using the…

Q: A bacterial strain is growing exponentially. At 1:00pm the titre of the culture is 2x10^3 cells per…

A: The objective of the question is to determine the number of generations that have elapsed, the…

Q: Why is it necessary to maintain aseptic conditions in microbiology?

A: Aseptic conditions means microbs free environment. Microbs means bacteria, virus and fungi. It may…

Q: Bacillus thuringiensis makes toxins that kill insects. These toxins must be applied several times…

A: Bacillus thuringiensis is responsible for the production of toxins that are capable of killing…

Q: What is the similarities of differential centrifugation and gradient centrifugation?

A: Similarities between differential centrifugation and gradient centrifugation is process involved…

Q: How does the growth pattern of a population of bacteria inoculated into a fresh medium from an old…

A: Bacterial cell divides by the process of binary fission in which parent cell divides into two and…

Q: You are a technician working in a microbiology lab. You grow two bacteria cultures, Bug A and Bug B,…

A: The cell culture medium is a liquid nutrient solution used to grow and maintain cells in vitro. It…

Q: A 3.0 L batch bioreactor is used to grow E. coli bacteria, which have an initial concentration of…

A: A batch bioreactor is a closed device utilized to grow microorganisms for example bacteria, yeast,…

Q: "what is the reason for forming mucoid colonies in some types of bacteria?"

A: Microscopic organisms develop on strong media as provinces. A settlement is characterized as an…

Q: neration time of the species is 1 hour, and the microbes are in the exponential (log) hase of…

A: Microorganism that experience exponential growth its number increases according to this equation…

Q: For growth, a mutant bacterium requires that an amino acid not required by the wild parental strain…

A: Answer :- For growth, a mutant bacterium requires that an amino acid not required by the wild…

Q: The wild type bacterium is lac+ amps, leu+, ade+ Mutant I is: lac+ amp r, leu-, ade+ Mutant 2 is:…

A: Following the addition of cells with the designated genotypes and enabling growth to take place,…

Q: In August 2021, there was a multi-state outbreak of melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by the…

A: In microbiology, there have different types of culture mediums that are commonly used to grow…

Q: While you were working on the oil spill problem, you received a report showing that the bacteria you…

A: The release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbons into the water bodies like oceans is known as oil…

Q: Consider the table below. What is the TDT for E. coli at 70 C? Please include the unit.

A: The image displays a table showing the lethal effects of heat on E. coli at various temperatures and…

Q: Briefly explain, using the bacteria's response to environment, why the time =0 minutes is often not…

A: Bacterial growth has four different phases: Lag phase, log phase, stationary phase, and decline or…

Q: Solve the following problem: 34,000 bacteria/l have been measured 4 hours after inoculating a…

A: Given information Bacterial population after 4 hours of inoculation= 34,000 bacteria/l Bacterial…

Q: What is the equation that represents the mass balance of the exponential phase of bacterial growth?…

A: In exponential growth, a population's per capita (per individual) growth rate stays the same…

Q: What are secondary metabolites? In terms of microbial technology, how do we get bacteria to produce…

A: The study of microbes using various techniques like culturing, staining, genetic engineering, etc is…

Q: If the number of bacteria were to grow exponentially with a daily rate of r = 0.2612, how long would…

A: Bacteria are unicellular and prokaryotic organisms that live in wide variety of environments. It…

Q: The following data were obtained during batch growth of the Saccharomyces Cerevisiae at its optimal…

A: There are billions of microorganisms that are present in our surroundings. These microorganisms keep…

Q: A species of Antarctic bacteria doubles in number every 18 months. calculate the growth constant (k)

A: Calculating the growth constant (k) for Antarctic bacteriaThe information provided isn't enough to…

Q: In growing E.coli, why is that (reasons) they do not grow after doubling time under 20 degrees…

A: E. coli is a mesophilic bacteria. It functions under certain ideal temperatures and pressure. The…

Q: (b) In a batch bioreactor, the growth of a microbial population is often limited by the availability…

A: As the question contain two different questions, here we have only solved the second one. Bacteria…

Q: Why is E. coli O157:H7 an organism of concern in contaminated foods?  The strain is represented as…

A: E.coli is a prokaryotic organism (bacteria) found in intestine of animals including humans, this…

Q: Strain X. spp. is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium with peritrichous flagella and…

A: Given information   Doubling time 240 minutes = 4 hours. Initial population = 10 cells Final…

Q: Why might bacteria use quorum sensing to regulate genes needed for virulence? How might this reason…

A: Quorum sensing is the capacity to identify and respond to cell population density through gene…

Q: elevated NaCl level. A yellow halo surrounds the growth, indicating the bacterium fermented sugar in…

A: Answer D. selective and differential medium

Q: Strain X. spp. is a rod-shaped, anaerobic, Gram-positive bacterium with peritrichous flagella and…

A: Doubling time is the time required by a cell, in this case the bacterial cell, to divide and produce…

Q: Two bacterial species have generation times of 20 min and 18 hours respectively. From the below…

A: Bacterial growth refers to the increase in the number of bacterial cells in a culture. Bacterial…

Q: E.coli was incubated with aeration in a nutrient medium containing two carbon sources provided one…

A: First of all, E. coli can utilize glucose and lactose both as a carbon source. Lactose is a…

Q: 3. (a) Comparing the culture-dependant (e.g., colony forming units count) and DNA- based (e.g., PCR)…

A: Wastewater treatment is the process of removing contaminants and pollutants from wastewater to make…

Microbial Physiology

Microbial physiology is the branch of microbiology that is associated with studying the physiology of fungi, bacteria, and viruses. It is an important field of science concerning functional genomics and metabolic engineering.

Chemotaxis

The organism’s movement in a particular direction as a response to certain chemicals that are available in the environment is defined as chemotaxis. In brief, it can be defined as the occurrence of an organism’s movement in response to a certain chemical stimulus.