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- (a) An aspiring physicist wants to build a scale model of a hydrogen atom for her science fair project. If the atom is 1.00 m in diameter, how big should she try to make the nucleus? (b) How easy will this be to do?Unreasonable Results (a) Assuming it is nonrelativistic, calculate the velocity of an electron with a 0.100-fm wavelength (small enough to detect details of a nucleus). (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?(a) What voltage must be applied to an X-ray tube to obtain 0.0100-fm-wavelength X-rays for use in exploring the details of nuclei? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) Which assumptions are unreasonable or inconsistent?
- What is the difference between (rays and characteristic x rays? Is either necessarily more energetic than the other? Which can be the most energetic?Integrated Concepts: (a) What temperature gas would have atoms moving fast enough to bring two 3He nuclei into contact? Note that, because both are moving, the average kinetic energy only needs to be half the electric potential energy of these doubly charged nuclei when just in contact with one another. (b) Does this high temperature imply practical difficulties for doing this in controlled fusion?nuclear physics 1. How many collisions is required for a 2.0 Mev neutron to be braked to an energy of 1/25 eV on average, if the neutron moderator were (a) carbon, (b) iron? ANSWER (a) (b) 112.1 Collisions 501.5 Collisions 2. What is the moderating reason for nickel if it has an absorption cross-section of 4.8 and a dispersion cross-section of 17.5? How many collisions will it take to thermalize a 1.0 Mev neutron? ANSWER 0.122: 508 Collisions
- a.) What does the number of lines on the emission spectrum tell us about the electron decays for the elements or compounds? b.) What does the line spacing tell us about the electron structure?(b) Explain the difference between a MASER and a LASER. Who was the inventor of MASER? Explain both phenomenon in detail. Q# 4 (a) A beam of 8.3 MeV alpha particles is directed at an aluminum foil. It is found that the Rutherford scattering formula ceases to be obeyed at scattering angles exceeding about 60°. If the alpha-particle radius is assumed small enough to neglect here, find the radius of the aluminum nucleus. (b) Classical Mechanics is an approximation of Quantum Mechanics. Discuss in detail. Q# 5 (a) Derive steady state form of Schrodinger wave equations. Explain eigen values and eigenc. Write the mathematical expression for the radial probability function. The radial probability function for any orbital is zero at the nucleus, it also approaches zero at long distance from the nucleus. Explain why.
- How many electrons does an element given as 24 X 50 have? How many neutrons? What is the net electric charge of the element?“In Rutherford’s experiment, most of the positively charged alfa particles pass through the golden plate without any diffraction”. Which one of the followings is proved by the above statement?I. Positive charges are found in a very small volume in atomII. There are large empty spaces in atomIII. Thomson atomic modelQ2. In Rutherford scattering experiment, the nucleuses gold were targeted by alpha particles, where these particles possess sufficient energy to reach distance 2x1014 m from the nucleus. Calculate the repulsion electrostatic force that generated from alpha particles.