Formal Charges
Formal charges have an important role in organic chemistry since this concept helps us to know whether an atom in a molecule is neutral/bears a positive or negative charge. Even if some molecules are neutral, the atoms within that molecule need not be neutral atoms.
Polarity Of Water
In simple chemical terms, polarity refers to the separation of charges in a chemical species leading into formation of two polar ends which are positively charged end and negatively charged end. Polarity in any molecule occurs due to the differences in the electronegativities of the bonded atoms. Water, as we all know has two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. As oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen thus, there exists polarity in the bonds which is why water is known as a polar solvent.
Valence Bond Theory Vbt
Valence bond theory (VBT) in simple terms explains how individual atomic orbitals with an unpaired electron each, come close to each other and overlap to form a molecular orbital giving a covalent bond. It gives a quantum mechanical approach to the formation of covalent bonds with the help of wavefunctions using attractive and repulsive energies when two atoms are brought from infinity to their internuclear distance.
Is CH4 a polar or nonpolar molecule?
Answer is nonpolar.
Can you explain to me that why is the nonpolar for the CH4?
Introduction
Polar molecules have a net dipole moment, meaning one end of the molecule is slightly more positive than the other end. This can be caused by a difference in the electronegativity of atoms in the molecule or by a difference in the distribution of electrons. Polar molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other polar molecules, which leads to strong attraction between them. Common examples of polar molecules are water and ethanol.
Non-polar molecules have a more even distribution of electrons and no net dipole moment. This means that their ends are not significantly more positive or negative than the other. Non-polar molecules do not form hydrogen bonds but instead are held together by weaker van der Waals forces. An example of a non-polar molecule is ethane.
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