In your own words describe the various types of bonds that are found in the structure of DNA and the roles they play in stabilizing the DNA molecule. Describe the chemical nature of the DNA molecule as best as you can.

What are the kinds of unusual structures of DNA you are aware of?List at least four examples. Briefly explain each.

Describe the structure of DNA as repeated units of nucleotides that consist of nitrogenous bases, sugar and phosphate.

Explain how DNA serves as the genetic material of an organism and how it can be used to create RNA and proteins. Outline the flow of information from DNA to protein (the central dogma of biology).

Indicate if the following statements are true for DNA, RNA, both, or none.  Your answers should be one of the following 4 words:  DNA, RNA, the word both if the statement applies to both DNA and RNA, or the word none if the statement does not apply to either DNA or RNA. Are nucleic acids  The nucleotides are attached using alternating sugars and phosphates  Is double stranded  Uses the nucleotide uracil  Can be found in both the nucleus and the cytoplasm  Uses the nucleotide thymine  Uses the sugar ribose  Uses the sugar deoxyribose

Can you: describe the 2 D and 3 D structure of DNA including the bonding that takes place?

Demonstrate your understanding of DNA structure by circling the specific segment on the DNA double helix where the molecular structure of this illustration is located. 3' 5' 5' Nitrogenous bases: Adenine Thymine Guanine Cytosine Base pair Sugar- phosphate backbone 5' C Hydrogen bonds H₂N Thymine Sugar-phosphate backbone NH HO Guanine Adenine H₂N Bases 3' OH Cytosine Sugar-phosphate backbone

Describe in detail the structure of DNA. Of what is a nucleotide composed? Which are thepurines and pyrimidines? What are the bonding rules? What kind of bond holds the two DNAstrands together?

Match each of the following aspects of DNA with the main structural feature which makes it possible. You may use each match more than once (or not at all). Proteins can "read" the DNA without separating the two strands. DNA is resistant to hydrolysis. DNA can be repaired. DNA can self-replicate. 1. DNA does not have a 2' hydroxyl. The two strands in the double helix are complementary. 3. DNA is a polymer of nucleotides. 4. B-DNA has a "major groove". 2.

Both DNA and RNA are long chains of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of a phosphate group, a nitrogen base, and a five-carbon sugar. The carbons in the sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA) are numbered 1′ to 5′. The nitrogen base is on the 1′ carbon, the phosphate is on the 5′ carbon, and there is a hydroxyl group on the 3′ carbon of a nucleotide. When nucleotides are joined together, the hydroxyl group is replaced by the phosphate from the 5′ carbon of the second nucleotide. Because of this, nucleic acids have directionality.Which of the following rows is true regarding transcription and translation? Select one: a. Transcription Translation mRNA grows 5' to 3'. Ribosomes move 3' to 5' along mRNA. b. Transcription Translation mRNA grows 3' to 5'. Ribosomes move 5' to 3' along mRNA. c. Transcription Translation mRNA grows 3' to 5'. Ribosomes move 3' to 5' along mRNA. d. Transcription Translation mRNA grows 5' to 3'.…