Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134580999
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Concept explainers

DNA and RNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is usually called the blueprint of life. Deoxyribose is a monosaccharide that has a key function in the synthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid. One less oxygen-containing hydroxyl group occurs in deoxyribose sugar. Nucleic acid, d…
DNA as the Genetic Material
DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a long polymeric nucleic acid molecule discovered in the late 1930s. It is a polymer; a long chain-like molecule made up of several monomers connected in a sequence. It possesses certain characteristics that qualify it a…
Genetics
The significant branch in science which involves the study of genes, gene variations, and the organism's heredity is known as genetics. It is also used to study the involvement of a gene or set of genes in the health of an individual and how it prevents …
DNA Replication
The mechanism by which deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is capable of producing an exact copy of its own is defined as DNA replication. The DNA molecules utilize a semiconservative method for replication.
Question
Both DNA and RNA are long chains of nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of a phosphate group, a nitrogen base, and a five-carbon sugar. The carbons in the sugar (deoxyribose in DNA and ribose in RNA) are numbered 1′ to 5′. The nitrogen base is on the 1′ carbon, the phosphate is on the 5′ carbon, and there is a hydroxyl group on the 3′ carbon of a nucleotide.

When nucleotides are joined together, the hydroxyl group is replaced by the phosphate from the 5′ carbon of the second nucleotide. Because of this, nucleic acids have directionality.

Which of the following rows is true regarding transcription and translation?
Select one:
a.
Transcription Translation
mRNA grows 5' to 3'. Ribosomes move 3' to 5' along mRNA.
b.
Transcription Translation
mRNA grows 3' to 5'. Ribosomes move 5' to 3' along mRNA.
c.
Transcription Translation
mRNA grows 3' to 5'. Ribosomes move 3' to 5' along mRNA.
d.
Transcription Translation
mRNA grows 5' to 3'. Ribosomes move 5' to 3' along mRNA.
 

 

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