In type II Diabetes, insulin is produced but is nonfunctional. These individuals are described as “starving in the sea of plenty” because their blood glucose levels are high, but none of the glucose is transported into the cells. Describe how this lead to malnutrition.

For an individual whose liver is regulated by glucagon binding, when energy is needed - what is the major carbon source used to produce acetyl CoA? Fatty acids Glucose Glyoxylate Amino acids

There are two types of diabetes. Mention their symptoms and causes.

Which of the following is a stimulus for insulin secretion? 1) increased blood insulin 2) decreased blood glucose 3) increased blood glucose 4) decreased ATP production

The hormone that directly stimulates metabolism by increasing lipolysis and indirectly stimulates metabolism by causing target cells to make IGFs is

Ann is a 64-year-old diabetic who recently experienced the death of her mother. Now she is caring for her father, who is demanding and becoming confused. To complicate matters, Ann must care for her own teenage children and is working full time. For several weeks, Ann has noticed an increase in her blood sugar levels when she tests her late afternoon glucose. Explain why this is happening to Ann.

A client with Type 1 diabetes mellitus is admitted to the hospital in a semi-conscious state with fever, nausea, and vomiting. The urine sample was positive for ketone bodies. Which of the following statements regarding the client is correct? Question 80 options: a)  Glucagon should be administered to stimulate glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver  b)  An injection of insulin will decrease ketone-body production c)  The client should be started on a glucose infusion to help them regain consciousness  d)  The client's blood glucose level is well below 4.4 mmol/L

How does the pancreas combat low blood glucose levels? What part of the body is the target of this pancreatic action? What can happen at that tissue to solve the low blood glucose problem (list pathway[s])?

Explain the how statement “starvation in the midst of plenty” would relate to type II diabetes.

You eat a sandwich and the components are: bread, cucumber, your choice of meat or non-meat protein (ex: tofu), cheese. Respond to the following questions regarding digestion and energy balance 1. What is the hormone ratio for glucagon and insulin after eating the sandwich. Create a graph of how blood glucose levels change within 20 minutes of eating the sandwich. . 2. What state(s) is your body in (circle one for each pair): post absorptive/absorptive, catabolic/anabolic, fasted/fed 3. Create a chart/drawing showing where digestion takes place for each component (bread/veggies, cheese, protein choice). • location • phase • absorbable unit one hormone/secretion/enzyme that aids in the process what organs contribute and if they are exocrine or endocrine cells participating