In the context of a sewer system, your objective is to find the optimal slope (SS) of a pipe to meet a design flow rate (QdQd​) and a maximum allowed flow depth percentage (y/Dy/D). Utilize the flow velocity equation: V = -2 * SQRT(8 * g * R * S) * LOG10((ks / (14.8 * R)) + (2.51 * μ / (4 * ρ * R * SQRT(8 * g * R * S))) Given:  Design flow rate (QdQd​): 4.12 m³/s Pipe diameter (DD): 1 m Pipe roughness (ksks): 1.50E-06 m Maximum flow depth percentage (y/Dy/D): 85% Fluid density (ρρ): 999.1 kg/m³ Fluid viscosity (μμ): 1.14E-03 Pa·s Acceleration due to gravity (gg): 9.81 m/s²

(b). Figure 1 shows a reticulation system. Estimate the flow rate in each pipeline using Hardy-Cross Method and Hazen-William formula up to two iterations. Adopt Hazen-William coefficient, C, as 100. The lengths and diameters for pipes AB, BC, CD, and AD are as follows: Pipe AB: length = 950 m and diameter = 250 mm Pipe BC: length = 750 m and diameter = 200 mm Pipe CD: length = 750 m and diameter = 200 mm Pipe AD: length = 900 m and diameter = 250 mm 40 L/s 40 L/s C B D Figure 1: Reticulation system 50 L/s 130 L/s

Problem 2: Manometer and Pipe S = 0.8 300 mm dia Water flows past a manometer as shown. The manometer fluid is oil with s = 0.8. If the manometer reading Rm= h = 0.12 m, what is the water velocity at the centerline of the pipe?

Water is flowing in a rectangular channel with a base of 4.0 ft. The velocity gradient from the bottom of the channel to the water surface is given by the equation: v=3.5y^0.6 Where y is the distance from the bottom of the channel. The total depth of the flow in the channel is 3.0ft. a) Graph the velocity profile from the bottom of the channel to the water surface.  B) Calculate the flow rate by integration. The first step is to draw a cross-section of channel and on that cross-section, Draw on your figure an elemental area DA that you will then ise in the equation: Q=integral V.dA