ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
14th Edition
ISBN: 9780190931919
Author: NEWNAN
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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In the competitive labor market model of this chapter, the "value of the marginal product minus the wage" (MPL xP - W) for a given unit of labor (e.g., worker) gives
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a) the change in output from the unit of labor being considered.
b) the change in profit from the unit of labor being considered.
c) the change in revenue from the unit of labor being considered.
d) the change in price from the unit of labor being considered.
e) the change in cost from the unit of labor being considered.
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- Consider the labor–leisure budget constraint curve on the graph. This curve shows trade‑offs between income and leisure that must be made over the course of one week. Assume there are no artificial barriers to limits on hours worked and that the wage is $25 per hour. Determine the vertical and horizontal intercepts. vertical intercept: $ horizontal intercept: harrow_forwardConsider the following model of labour supply. There is a representative worker with the following utility function: U(C,L) = CªL²-a where U is utility, C is consumption, L is leisure, and a is a parameter that governs the importance of consumption to the worker's utility relative to leisure. a must satisfy 0 < a < 1. Consumption and Leisure are always positive (by definition) The budget constraint and time constraint are: C = wh + V h = T – L where w is hourly wage, and V is non-labour income, T is time endowment. Here, w,V and T are parameters. h is hours work a) Does the utility function exhibit the "the more the better" and "law of diminishing marginal utility" assumptions? Show it. b) Characterize the optimal leisure and consumption as functions of the parameters a, w, V and Tarrow_forwardAccording to the Economics Policy Institute (Mishel and Wolfe, 2019) CEO pay has grown 940% since 1978 while the compensation of the average worker has only risen 12%. While you can easily find sources that provide statistics that conflict with these numbers, you would be hard pressed to find any credible source that refutes the idea that the rate of pay of CEO’s and other upper-level managers has not dramatically increased relative to an organization’s lower-level employees in just about any 10 or more year period over the past 60 years. In the world of Adam Smith, the “invisible hand” of the free market capitalistic model would address inequities/out of balances. Are the forces represented by the “invisible hand” working? Why or why not? Is there an ethical dimension to the discussion of upper-level manager compensation? Why or why not? How does (or does it?) levels of pay of upper management impact the rest of us commoners?arrow_forward
- Consider an economy with 20 workers. If the marginal product of labor (MPL) is 13 and the market price (P) is $6, what isthe value of the marginal product of labor (VMPL)? Provide your answer below:arrow_forwardBoeing created, and recently expanded, an airplane manufacturing center in Charleston, South Carolina. One of the factors that likely influenced this location decision is that South Carolina is a "right to work" state. This represents a) a place factor related to labor. b) a transportation factor related to the market. c) higher wages for Boeing workers in South Carolina relative to Washington. d) a place factor related to the political environment.arrow_forwardConsider the Labor Economics Question. This will provide insight into the idea of the optimal number of workers and the value of the marginal product of labor. If wages in the restaurant is $20.00 per hour and the price of a Hamburger is $8.00 and the production function for the workers is: Q = 11L – 0.25L^2 a. How many workers should Your Restaurant employ during the lunch hour to maximize profits? 1 Point (note—the value of the marginal product of labor and the marginal revenue product are the same) We maximize profits which are total revenues less total costs: b. Compute the maximum profit at Your Restaurant. (note—consider that profit involves Total Revenue and Total Costs). 1 Point c. Compute the profit created if You hire an additional worker. Explain why it is or is not profit maximizing to hire an additional worker. The idea of this question is to recognize that we can find the profit maximizing quantity of labor– after that point, profit begins to…arrow_forward
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